Abstract
The major cotton pests in Nanyang cotton growing region, southwest of Honan Province, include the aphid Aphis gossypii Glover, the bollworm Heliothis armigera Hiibner, the red spider mite Tetranychws urticae (Koch), the leafbug (primarily Lygus lucorum Meyer-Diir). The cotton leafworm Anomis flava (F.) and the pink bollworm Plaiyedra gossypiella (Saund.). The cotton aphid having developed resistance to organophosphates appears to be the most destructive pest to the early and mid-season phases of cotton growth. Utilization has been made first in Anyang and then in other districts of the province of Coccinella septempunctata to suppress this pest. This beetle occurs usually in abundance on wheat and other winter crops by the time of aphid infestation in the cotton fields and artificial transferring it from wheat to cotton has been proven to be a very satisfactory control measure.With this as a key element, a program of integrated control of cotton pests in this region has been practiced in recent years. It consists of (1) creating habitat diversification by rational arrangement of winter crops and using other agricultural practices to ensure better conservation and multiplication of C. septempunctata, (2) utilization of this Coccinellid predator in large scale to suppress the early season aphid population so as to restrain its mid-season resurgence, (3) proper use of selective insecticides including the mierobial insectcides and other means to hold the pest population in check without disrupting the beneficial fauna, and (4) restricted and integrated chemical treatments when necessary. As the result of implementing this program in recent years, both economic benefit and ecological serenity have been obtained.The seasonal fluctuation in the populations of the principal arthropod predators including C. septempunctata, Orius minutus L., Geocoris sp., Nabis inoferus Hsiao, Chrysopa spp. and the spiders (mainly Erigonidium graminicolum and Misumena tri-cuspidata) has been observed and the data of their devouring capacity to the eggs and first instar larvae of Heliothis armigera in the laboratory are presented.Finally, tte writers emphasize the importance of efficient monitoring work in implementing the cotton pest management program. The need of further studies on establishing the real economic threshold for the major cotton pests in this region is also stressed.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Aphis gossypii is a major cotton pest in Nanyang.
- Taxon
- Aphis gossypii Glover
Aphis gossypiie0 - Interactor
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0host - Outcome
- major cotton pestse0
- Setting
- Nanyang cotton growing region, southwest of Honan Provincee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The major cotton pests in Nanyang cotton growing region, southwest of Honan Province, include the aphid Aphis gossypii Glover”
Claim · model-written summary
Heliothis armigera is a major cotton pest in Nanyang.
- Taxon
- Heliothis armigera Hiibner
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=60)
Helicoverpa armigerae0 - Interactor
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1host
- Outcome
- major cotton pestse1
- Setting
- Nanyang cotton growing regione1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the bollworm Heliothis armigera Hiibner”
e1“The major cotton pests in Nanyang cotton growing region, southwest of Honan Province”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetranychws urticae is a major cotton pest in Nanyang.
- Taxon
- Tetranychws urticae (Koch)e0
- Interactor
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1host
- Outcome
- major cotton pestse1
- Setting
- Nanyang cotton growing regione1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the red spider mite Tetranychws urticae (Koch)”
e1“The major cotton pests in Nanyang cotton growing region, southwest of Honan Province”
Claim · model-written summary
Lygus lucorum is a principal leafbug cotton pest in Nanyang.
- Taxon
- Lygus lucorum Meyer-Diir
%2C_Lentse_Waard%2C_the_Netherlands.jpg?width=60)
Apolygus lucorume0 - Interactor
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1host
- Outcome
- major cotton pestse1
- Qualifier
- primarilye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
%2C_Lentse_Waard%2C_the_Netherlands.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the leafbug (primarily Lygus lucorum Meyer-Diir)”
e1“The major cotton pests in Nanyang cotton growing region, southwest of Honan Province”
Claim · model-written summary
Anomis flava is among the major cotton pests.
- Taxon
- Anomis flava (F.)
Anomis flavae0 - Interactor
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0host
- Outcome
- major cotton pestse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cotton leafworm Anomis flava (F.)”
e1“The major cotton pests in Nanyang cotton growing region”
Claim · model-written summary
Plaiyedra gossypiella is among the major cotton pests.
- Taxon
- Plaiyedra gossypiella (Saund.)e0
- Interactor
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1host
- Outcome
- major cotton pestse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the pink bollworm Plaiyedra gossypiella (Saund.)”
e1“The major cotton pests in Nanyang cotton growing region”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton aphid developed resistance to organophosphates.
- Taxon
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiie0
- Interactor
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0host
- Outcome
- resistance to organophosphatese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cotton aphid having developed resistance to organophosphates”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton aphid appeared to be the most destructive pest during early and mid-season cotton growth.
- Taxon
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiie0
- Organ / stage
- early and mid-season phasese0
- Interactor
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0host
- Outcome
- most destructive peste0
- Direction
- most destructivee0
- Qualifier
- appearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cotton aphid having developed resistance to organophosphates appears to be the most destructive pest to the early and mid-season phases of cotton growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Coccinella septempunctata usually occurred abundantly on wheat and other winter crops when cotton aphids infested fields.
- Taxon
- Coccinella septempunctata
Coccinella septempunctatae1 - Interactor
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0other - Outcome
- in abundancee0
- Qualifier
- by the time of aphid infestation in the cotton fieldse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This beetle occurs usually in abundance on wheat and other winter crops by the time of aphid infestation in the cotton fields”
e1“Coccinella septempunctata to suppress this pest”
Claim · model-written summary
Transferring Coccinella septempunctata from wheat to cotton was a very satisfactory aphid control measure.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- artificial transferring it from wheat to cottone0
- Interactor
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiie2pest
- Second interactor
- Coccinella septempunctataCoccinella septempunctatae1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- very satisfactory control measuree0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“artificial transferring it from wheat to cotton has been proven to be a very satisfactory control measure”
e1“Coccinella septempunctata to suppress this pest”
e2“The cotton aphid having developed resistance to organophosphates”
Claim · model-written summary
Implementing integrated cotton pest control obtained economic benefits and ecological serenity.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- integrated control of cotton pestse1
- Outcome
- economic benefit and ecological serenitye0
- Qualifier
- in recent yearse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As the result of implementing this program in recent years, both economic benefit and ecological serenity have been obtained.”
e1“a program of integrated control of cotton pests in this region”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors emphasize efficient monitoring for cotton pest management.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- efficient monitoring worke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tte writers emphasize the importance of efficient monitoring work in implementing the cotton pest management program”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend further studies to establish economic thresholds for major cotton pests.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- further studies on establishing the real economic thresholde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The need of further studies on establishing the real economic threshold for the major cotton pests in this region is also stressed.”
The same questions in other papers
Triticum aestivum · Aphis gossypii · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.