Abstract
Biological activities, priming and protective effects of two oligogalacturonides fractions (OGAs) were assayed during a compatible wheat/Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici interaction. These fractions were obtained from commercial polygalacturonic acid. They both consisted of oligogalacturonides with polymerisation degrees (DP) ranging from 2 to 25, and one of them was a 30% chemically acetylated fraction. A 5 g x L(-1) solution of each fraction was infiltrated in the first leave of ten-days-old plantlets, and activities of defence-related enzymes were measured 48H post-treatment. Among them, oxalate oxidase and peroxidase activities increased, suggesting an elicitation due to both fractions of oligogalacturonides. Some of the pre-treated plantlets were subsequently submitted to powdery mildew infection. As revealed by 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) staining, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at the penetration site of the fungus increased 21H after inoculation to the same extent in areas of plantlets infiltrated by both fractions. On the other hand, the intensity of fluorescence associated with papillae was higher when plantlets were pre-infiltrated with the acetylated fraction, whereas no difference was observed between control plantlets and those treated with the non-acetylated fraction. Moreover, microscopic assessment of the number of haustoria occurring 40H post-inoculation showed it was only reduced when acetylated fraction was used. Despite different modes of action of these molecules, a similar 45% protective effect occurred in both cases when the oligogalacturonides fractions were sprayed on ten-days-old plantlets.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Both oligogalacturonide fractions increased oxalate oxidase and peroxidase activities.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- both fractions of oligogalacturonidese0
- Outcome
- oxalate oxidase and peroxidase activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“oxalate oxidase and peroxidase activities increased, suggesting an elicitation due to both fractions of oligogalacturonides”
Claim · model-written summary
Both fractions increased hydrogen peroxide accumulation at the fungal penetration site 21 hours after inoculation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- both fractionse0
- Interactor
- Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici
Blumeria graminis f. sp. triticie1pathogen - Outcome
- accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at the penetration site of the funguse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 21H after inoculatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at the penetration site of the fungus increased 21H after inoculation to the same extent in areas of plantlets infiltrated by both fractions”
e1“Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici”
Claim · model-written summary
The acetylated fraction increased fluorescence associated with papillae.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pre-infiltrated with the acetylated fractione0
- Outcome
- intensity of fluorescence associated with papillaee0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“intensity of fluorescence associated with papillae was higher when plantlets were pre-infiltrated with the acetylated fraction”
Claim · model-written summary
The non-acetylated fraction did not change papillae fluorescence relative to controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- treated with the non-acetylated fractione0
- Outcome
- fluorescence associated with papillaee1
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- control plantletse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“no difference was observed between control plantlets and those treated with the non-acetylated fraction”
e1“fluorescence associated with papillae”
Claim · model-written summary
Only the acetylated fraction reduced haustoria number 40 hours after inoculation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- acetylated fractione0
- Outcome
- number of haustoriae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- 40H post-inoculatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“number of haustoria occurring 40H post-inoculation showed it was only reduced when acetylated fraction was used”
Claim · model-written summary
Sprayed oligogalacturonide fractions each produced a 45% protective effect.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- ten-days-old plantletse0
- Treatment
- oligogalacturonides fractions were sprayede0
- Outcome
- protective effecte0
- Value
- 45%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“a similar 45% protective effect occurred in both cases when the oligogalacturonides fractions were sprayed on ten-days-old plantlets”
The same questions in other papers
application · control · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
33 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
35 papers more in this group
See all 39 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.