Abstract
The present work demonstrates the participation of polyamines (PAs) to improve direct regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in soybean half-seeds. The inclusion of PAs to culture medium along with optimal plant growth regulators (PGRs) enhanced shoot induction [98.3 %; 4.44 µM N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 103.27 µM spermidine] and elongation [90.0 %; 1.45 µM gibberellic acid (GA3) and 49.42 µM spermine]. The polyamine putrescine (62.08 µM) alone greatly enriched root induction (96.3 %). The influence of PAs on transformed plant production was assessed by comparing optimized protocol (comprising PAs and PGRs) with a regeneration system involving only PGRs. Plant transformation was performed in half-seeds of cultivar DS 97–12 using strain EHA105 harboring pCAMBIA1301. Transgene expression and integration was confirmed by GUS staining, PCR, and Southern hybridization. The transformed explants/materials successively cultured on co-cultivation (BA and spermidine), shoot induction (BA and spermidine), shoot elongation (GA3 and spermine), and rooting medium (putrescine) showed enhanced transformation efficiency (29.3 %) compared with its counterparts (14.6 %) with respective PGR alone [BA, GA3, or indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)]. Overall findings of the study suggest that involvement of PAs improved T-DNA transfer during co-cultivation, and delivered most suitable condition for efficient regeneration/survival, which led to enhanced transformation efficiency in soybean.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
BA plus spermidine enhanced soybean shoot induction to 98.3%.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- 4.44 µM N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 103.27 µM spermidinee0
- Outcome
- shoot inductione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 98.3 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced shoot induction [98.3 %; 4.44 µM N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 103.27 µM spermidine]”
e1“soybean half-seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 plus spermine enhanced soybean shoot elongation to 90.0%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- 1.45 µM gibberellic acid (GA3) and 49.42 µM sperminee0
- Outcome
- elongatione0
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 90.0 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elongation [90.0 %; 1.45 µM gibberellic acid (GA3) and 49.42 µM spermine]”
e1“The inclusion of PAs to culture medium along with optimal plant growth regulators (PGRs) enhanced shoot induction [98.3 %; 4.44 µM N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 103.27 µM spermidine] and elongation”
e2“soybean half-seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine alone improved soybean root induction to 96.3%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- putrescine (62.08 µM)e0
- Outcome
- root inductione0
- Direction
- greatly enrichede0
- Value
- 96.3 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The polyamine putrescine (62.08 µM) alone greatly enriched root induction (96.3 %).”
e1“soybean half-seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The polyamine-containing protocol increased soybean transformation efficiency to 29.3% versus 14.6% with plant growth regulators alone.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- transformation efficiencye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 29.3 %e0
- Qualifier
- 14.6 %e0
- Comparator
- PGR alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced transformation efficiency (29.3 %) compared with its counterparts (14.6 %) with respective PGR alone”
e1“soybean half-seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that polyamines improved T-DNA transfer during soybean co-cultivation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- PAse0
- Outcome
- T-DNA transfere0
- Direction
- improvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“involvement of PAs improved T-DNA transfer during co-cultivation”
e1“soybean half-seeds”
The same questions in other papers
spermine · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
N-benzyladenine · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
31 papers more in this group
See all 35 papers →gibberellin A3 · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
spermidine · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.