Abstract
The present study was carried out (sandy soil under sprinkler irrigation) at El-Bustan area, ARC, in Egypt during the two seasons, 2009/2010 and 2010/2011. Four new bread wheat cultivars (Sids12, Sids13, Gemmeiza11 and Shandaweel 1) were evaluated under three irrigation regimes under sprinkler irrigation system (I1=2380 m 3 /ha, I2=3094 m 3 /ha and I3=3808 m 3 /ha) and two nitrogen levels (N1=119 and N2=238 kg/ha for grain yield and its components. This study was performed as split-split plot in using three replications. The results showed that the studied characters were significantly affected by irrigation treatments in both growing seasons. All characters showed highly significantly differences among applied N rates except for 1000-kernel weight in the second season and number of kernels per spike in the first season. Cultivars were significantly in number of spikes/m² and number of kernels/spike in the first growing season, while highly significantly differences in 1000- kernel weight, grain yield and biological yield in the second season. Sids 13 recorded the highest number of spikes/m², number of kernels per spike and grain yield in the first season. Meanwhile, Gemmeiza 11 recorded the highest 1000-kernel weight, grain yield and biological yield in the second season. The interactions of irrigation regimes × N nitrogen levels were highly significant for number of spikes/m² in the first season and for biological yield in both growing seasons. The interactions of irrigation treatment by cultivars were highly significant for number of spikes/m² in the first season, for number of kernels per spike in the both seasons and grain yield in the second season. The highest number of spikes/m² was obtained from Sids 13 under I3 irrigation treatments but the lowest number of spikes/m² was obtained by Gemmeiza 11 under I1 irrigation treatment in the first season. The highest value of number of kernels/spike was obtained from Sids 13 under I3 irrigation in the first season. While, Gemmeiza 11 gave the highest number of kernels/spike and grain yield under I3 irrigation treatment meanwhile, Sids 12 gave the lowest number of kernels/spike and grain yield under I1 irrigation treatment in the second season. The interaction between nitrogen rate and wheat cultivar was highly significant for 1000-kernels weight in the first season. The results show that Gemmeiza 11 gave the highest 1000-kernel weight under the highest nitrogen level while Sids 12 recorded the lowest 1000-kernel weight under the lowest nitrogen level. The interaction between irrigation treatments, nitrogen rate and wheat cultivar was significant for 1000-kernels weight, number of kernels/spike and biological yield in the first season. Cultivars were significantly in water use efficiency in the both growing season. Sids 13 had the highest water use efficiency among the four cultivars in the first season, while Gemmiza 11 had the highest value in the second season. Sids 13 and Gemmeiza 11 had average of 2.4 kg/m³/ha in both growing season. This finding implied that Gemmeiza 11 and Sids 13 could be recommended growing in sandy soils and both can use irrigation water efficiently.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation significantly affected the studied characters in both seasons.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- irrigation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- studied characterse0
- Qualifier
- both growing seasonse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the studied characters were significantly affected by irrigation treatments in both growing seasons”
t0“Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen rates significantly differed for characters except the specified kernel traits and seasons.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- applied N ratese0
- Outcome
- All characterse0
- Qualifier
- except for 1000-kernel weight in the second season and number of kernels per spike in the first seasone0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All characters showed highly significantly differences among applied N rates except for 1000-kernel weight in the second season and number of kernels per spike in the first season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars differed significantly in spike number and kernels per spike in the first season.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- number of spikes/m² and number of kernels/spikee0
- Qualifier
- first growing seasone0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cultivars were significantly in number of spikes/m² and number of kernels/spike in the first growing season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars differed significantly in kernel weight, grain yield and biological yield in the second season.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- 1000- kernel weight, grain yield and biological yielde0
- Qualifier
- second seasone0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highly significantly differences in 1000- kernel weight, grain yield and biological yield in the second season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sids 13 had the highest spike number, kernels per spike and grain yield in the first season.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Sids 13e0
- Outcome
- number of spikes/m², number of kernels per spike and grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- first seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sids 13 recorded the highest number of spikes/m², number of kernels per spike and grain yield in the first season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gemmeiza 11 had the highest kernel weight, grain yield and biological yield in the second season.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Gemmeiza 11e0
- Outcome
- 1000-kernel weight, grain yield and biological yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- second seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gemmeiza 11 recorded the highest 1000-kernel weight, grain yield and biological yield in the second season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation by nitrogen interactions significantly affected spike number in the first season and biological yield in both seasons.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation regimes × N nitrogen levelse0
- Outcome
- number of spikes/m²e0
- Qualifier
- in the first season and for biological yield in both growing seasonse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interactions of irrigation regimes × N nitrogen levels were highly significant for number of spikes/m² in the first season and for biological yield in both growing seasons”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation by cultivar interactions were significant for spike number, kernels per spike and grain yield in their reported seasons.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation treatment by cultivarse0
- Outcome
- number of spikes/m²e0
- Qualifier
- in the first season, for number of kernels per spike in the both seasons and grain yield in the second seasone0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interactions of irrigation treatment by cultivars were highly significant for number of spikes/m² in the first season, for number of kernels per spike in the both seasons and grain yield in the second season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sids 13 under I3 had the highest spike number in the first season.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Sids 13e0
- Treatment
- I3 irrigation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- number of spikes/m²e0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- first seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest number of spikes/m² was obtained from Sids 13 under I3 irrigation treatments but the lowest number of spikes/m² was obtained by Gemmeiza 11 under I1 irrigation treatment in the first season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gemmeiza 11 under I1 had the lowest spike number in the first season.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Gemmeiza 11e0
- Treatment
- I1 irrigation treatmente0
- Outcome
- number of spikes/m²e0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Qualifier
- first seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest number of spikes/m² was obtained by Gemmeiza 11 under I1 irrigation treatment in the first season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sids 13 under I3 had the highest kernels per spike in the first season.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Sids 13e0
- Treatment
- I3 irrigatione0
- Outcome
- number of kernels/spikee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- first seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest value of number of kernels/spike was obtained from Sids 13 under I3 irrigation in the first season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gemmeiza 11 under I3 had the highest kernels per spike and grain yield in the second season.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Gemmeiza 11e0
- Treatment
- I3 irrigation treatmente0
- Outcome
- number of kernels/spike and grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- second seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gemmeiza 11 gave the highest number of kernels/spike and grain yield under I3 irrigation treatment meanwhile, Sids 12 gave the lowest number of kernels/spike and grain yield under I1 irrigation treatment in the second season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sids 12 under I1 had the lowest kernels per spike and grain yield in the second season.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Sids 12e0
- Treatment
- I1 irrigation treatmente0
- Outcome
- number of kernels/spike and grain yielde0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Qualifier
- second seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sids 12 gave the lowest number of kernels/spike and grain yield under I1 irrigation treatment in the second season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen by cultivar interaction significantly affected kernel weight in the first season.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- nitrogen rate and wheat cultivare0
- Outcome
- 1000-kernels weighte0
- Qualifier
- first seasone0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction between nitrogen rate and wheat cultivar was highly significant for 1000-kernels weight in the first season”
Claim · model-written summary
Gemmeiza 11 at the highest nitrogen level had the highest kernel weight.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Gemmeiza 11e0
- Treatment
- highest nitrogen levele0
- Outcome
- 1000-kernel weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gemmeiza 11 gave the highest 1000-kernel weight under the highest nitrogen level”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sids 12 at the lowest nitrogen level had the lowest kernel weight.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Sids 12e0
- Treatment
- lowest nitrogen levele0
- Outcome
- 1000-kernel weighte0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sids 12 recorded the lowest 1000-kernel weight under the lowest nitrogen level”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The three-factor interaction significantly affected kernel weight, kernels per spike and biological yield in the first season.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- irrigation treatments, nitrogen rate and wheat cultivare0
- Outcome
- 1000-kernels weight, number of kernels/spike and biological yielde0
- Qualifier
- first seasone0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction between irrigation treatments, nitrogen rate and wheat cultivar was significant for 1000-kernels weight, number of kernels/spike and biological yield in the first season”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars differed significantly in water use efficiency, with Sids 13 highest in the first season and Gemmiza 11 highest in the second.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- Sids 13 had the highest water use efficiency among the four cultivars in the first season, while Gemmiza 11 had the highest value in the second seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cultivars were significantly in water use efficiency in the both growing season. Sids 13 had the highest water use efficiency among the four cultivars in the first season, while Gemmiza 11 had the highest value in the second season”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sids 13 and Gemmeiza 11 averaged water use efficiency of 2.4 kg/m³/ha in both seasons.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye1
- Value
- 2.4 kg/m³/hae0
- Qualifier
- Sids 13 and Gemmeiza 11e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sids 13 and Gemmeiza 11 had average of 2.4 kg/m³/ha in both growing season”
e1“Cultivars were significantly in water use efficiency in the both growing season.”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Gemmeiza 11 and Sids 13 for sandy soils and efficient irrigation water use.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- growing in sandy soilse0
- Qualifier
- Gemmeiza 11 and Sids 13e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This finding implied that Gemmeiza 11 and Sids 13 could be recommended growing in sandy soils and both can use irrigation water efficiently”
t0“Triticum aestivum L.”
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