Abstract
The present study was aimed to assess the response of rainfed maize to various fertility levels and weed management practices under temperate Kashmir conditions. The field experiment consisted of 3 fertility levels of NPK viz., 60:40:20, 75:50:30 and 90:60:40, N:P2O5:K2O kg ha−1) and 4 weed management practices viz., no weeding, two hand weeding 20 and 50 days after sowing (DAS), atrazine @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha−1 (as preemergence) + one hand weeding 20 DAS, and atrazine @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha−1 (pre-emergence) + isoprotron @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha−1 (post-emergence). The results revealed that fertility levels of 90:60:40 and 75:50:30 (NPK) were at par and showed significant increase in cob length, cobs plant−1, grains cob−1, 100-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield and stover yield as against fertility level of 60:40:20 NPK. However, the number of rows cob−1 and cob diameter showed significant improvement with increase in fertility level. Increase in fertility level from 60:40:20 to 75:50:30 NPK significantly enhanced harvest index but further addition caused significant decrease. Weed management practices of atrazine as preemergence application + one hand weeding at 20 DAS was at par with atrazine as pre-emergence + isoprotron as post-emergence application treatment and both showed significant improvement in all yield contributing characters over no weeding and 2 hand-weedings at 20 and 50 days DAS. Both grain and stover yields were significantly higher with atrazine as pre-emergence application + 1 hand weeding at 20 DAS over hand weeding on 20 and 50 DAS and no weeding.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The two higher NPK levels increased cob length, cobs per plant and grains per cob relative to the lowest level.
- Treatment
- 90:60:40 and 75:50:30 (NPK)e0
- Outcome
- cob length, cobs plant−1, grains cob−1e0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- 60:40:20 NPKe0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertility levels of 90:60:40 and 75:50:30 (NPK) were at par and showed significant increase in cob length, cobs plant−1, grains cob−1, 100-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield and stover yield as against fertility level of 60:40:20 NPK.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The two higher NPK levels increased 100-seed weight and grain yield relative to the lowest level.
- Treatment
- 90:60:40 and 75:50:30 (NPK)e0
- Outcome
- 100-seed weight, grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- 60:40:20 NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertility levels of 90:60:40 and 75:50:30 (NPK) were at par and showed significant increase in cob length, cobs plant−1, grains cob−1, 100-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield and stover yield as against fertility level of 60:40:20 NPK.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The two higher NPK levels increased biological and stover yield relative to the lowest level.
- Treatment
- 90:60:40 and 75:50:30 (NPK)e0
- Outcome
- biological yield and stover yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- 60:40:20 NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertility levels of 90:60:40 and 75:50:30 (NPK) were at par and showed significant increase in cob length, cobs plant−1, grains cob−1, 100-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield and stover yield as against fertility level of 60:40:20 NPK.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cob row number and diameter improved as fertility increased.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of rows cob−1 and cob diameter showed significant improvement with increase in fertility level.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising NPK from 60:40:20 to 75:50:30 enhanced harvest index.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increase in fertility level from 60:40:20 to 75:50:30 NPK significantly enhanced harvest index”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Further fertilization significantly decreased harvest index.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but further addition caused significant decrease.”
e1“harvest index but further addition caused significant decrease.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine plus one hand weeding improved yield contributing characters over no weeding and two hand weedings.
- Treatment
- atrazine as preemergence application + one hand weeding at 20 DASe0
- Outcome
- yield contributing characterse0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- no weeding and 2 hand-weedings at 20 and 50 days DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed management practices of atrazine as preemergence application + one hand weeding at 20 DAS was at par with atrazine as pre-emergence + isoprotron as post-emergence application treatment and both showed significant improvement in all yield contributing characters over no weeding and 2 hand-weedings at 20 and 50 days DAS.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine plus isoprotron improved yield contributing characters over no weeding and two hand weedings.
- Treatment
- atrazine as pre-emergence + isoprotron as post-emergence applicatione0
- Outcome
- yield contributing characterse0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- no weeding and 2 hand-weedings at 20 and 50 days DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed management practices of atrazine as preemergence application + one hand weeding at 20 DAS was at par with atrazine as pre-emergence + isoprotron as post-emergence application treatment and both showed significant improvement in all yield contributing characters over no weeding and 2 hand-weedings at 20 and 50 days DAS.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine plus one hand weeding increased grain and stover yields relative to two hand weedings or no weeding.
- Treatment
- atrazine as pre-emergence application + 1 hand weeding at 20 DASe0
- Outcome
- grain and stover yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- hand weeding on 20 and 50 DAS and no weedinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both grain and stover yields were significantly higher with atrazine as pre-emergence application + 1 hand weeding at 20 DAS over hand weeding on 20 and 50 DAS and no weeding.”
t0“maize”
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