Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during rainy seasons of 2008 and 2009 to evaluate the effect of fertility levels, nutrient sources and weed management on quality protein maize production. The treatments comprised of 3 nitrogen + phosphorus levels viz. 90 + 40, 120 + 50 and 150 + 60 kg N and P2O5 ha–1, 3 nutrient sources viz. 100% NP, 75% NP + 25% vermicompost and 50% NP + 50% vermicompost and 3 weed control measures viz. weedy check, metribuzin 0.4 kg ha–1 followed by hoeing and weeding and atrazine 0.4 kg + alachlor 2.0 kg ha–1 followed by hoeing and weeding (HW). These were tested in a split plot design replicated thrice with nitrogen + phosphorus levels and nutrient sources in main-plots and weed control in sub-plots. Nitrogen + phosphorus levels had no significant effect on weed density, but their dry matter production increased significantly by raising nitrogen + phosphorus level from 90 + 40 kg N and P2O5 ha–1 to 120 + 50 kg N and P2O5 ha–1. The grain yield also increased significantly up to 120 + 50 kg N and P2O5 ha–1 during two years of study (4.20 and 4.15 kg ha–1). Stover and biological yields increased significantly up to 150 + 60 kg N and P2O5 ha–1. Nutrient sources had no significant effect on weed density. Application of 100% NP and 75% NP + 25% vermicompost were at par and significantly superior over 50% NP + 50% vermicompost in producing weed dry matter during both years. Weed management through atrazine + alachlor fb HW resulted in significant reduction in weed density & dry matter with concomitant significant increase in grain, stover & biological yields.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
N and P level had no significant effect on weed density.
- Treatment
- Nitrogen + phosphorus levelse0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen + phosphorus levels had no significant effect on weed density, but their dry matter production increased significantly by raising nitrogen + phosphorus level from 90 + 40 kg N and P2O5 ha–1 to 120 + 50 kg N and P2O5 ha–1.”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher N and P significantly increased weed dry matter.
- Treatment
- 120 + 50 kg N and P2O5 ha–1e0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- their dry matter productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- 90 + 40 kg N and P2O5 ha–1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen + phosphorus levels had no significant effect on weed density, but their dry matter production increased significantly by raising nitrogen + phosphorus level from 90 + 40 kg N and P2O5 ha–1 to 120 + 50 kg N and P2O5 ha–1.”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
N and P increased grain yield up to 120 + 50 kg N and P2O5 ha–1.
- Treatment
- 120 + 50 kg N and P2O5 ha–1e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4.20 and 4.15 kg ha–1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield also increased significantly up to 120 + 50 kg N and P2O5 ha–1 during two years of study (4.20 and 4.15 kg ha–1).”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Stover increased with N and P up to 150 + 60.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stover and biological yields increased significantly up to 150 + 60 kg N and P2O5 ha–1.”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
biological yields increased with N and P up to 150 + 60.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stover and biological yields increased significantly up to 150 + 60 kg N and P2O5 ha–1.”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient sources did not significantly affect weed density.
- Treatment
- Nutrient sourcese0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nutrient sources had no significant effect on weed density.”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
100% NP produced more weed dry matter than 50% NP + 50% vermicompost.
- Treatment
- 100% NPe0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- 50% NP + 50% vermicomposte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 100% NP and 75% NP + 25% vermicompost were at par and significantly superior over 50% NP + 50% vermicompost in producing weed dry matter during both years.”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
75% NP + 25% vermicompost produced more weed dry matter than 50% NP + 50% vermicompost.
- Treatment
- 75% NP + 25% vermicomposte0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- 50% NP + 50% vermicomposte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 100% NP and 75% NP + 25% vermicompost were at par and significantly superior over 50% NP + 50% vermicompost in producing weed dry matter during both years.”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine plus alachlor and HW caused a significant reduction in weed density.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed management through atrazine + alachlor fb HW resulted in significant reduction in weed density & dry matter with concomitant significant increase in grain, stover & biological yields.”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine plus alachlor and HW caused a significant reduction in dry matter.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed management through atrazine + alachlor fb HW resulted in significant reduction in weed density & dry matter with concomitant significant increase in grain, stover & biological yields.”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine plus alachlor and HW caused a significant increase in grain.
Not reportedInteractorInteractor roleComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed management through atrazine + alachlor fb HW resulted in significant reduction in weed density & dry matter with concomitant significant increase in grain, stover & biological yields.”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine plus alachlor and HW caused a significant increase in stover.
Not reportedInteractorInteractor roleComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed management through atrazine + alachlor fb HW resulted in significant reduction in weed density & dry matter with concomitant significant increase in grain, stover & biological yields.”
t0“Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine plus alachlor and HW caused a significant increase in biological yields.
Not reportedInteractorInteractor roleComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed management through atrazine + alachlor fb HW resulted in significant reduction in weed density & dry matter with concomitant significant increase in grain, stover & biological yields.”
t0“Zea mays”
The same questions in other papers
atrazine · weed · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
196 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 202 papers →atrazine · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
204 papers in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
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See all 240 papers →alachlor · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
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See all 9 papers →alachlor · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
23 papers more in this group
See all 27 papers →atrazine · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
40 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction
- no effect
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52 papers more in this group
See all 56 papers →alachlor · weed · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
28 papers in the same direction as this paper
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25 papers more in this group
See all 29 papers →nanoparticle · weed · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
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phosphorus · weed · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
8 of 14 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.