Abstract
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) associate with roots of plants and improve plant growth by utilizing diverse mechanisms like nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization and phytohormone production. Current study was conducted to isolate, characterize, and identify the wheat associated PGPR and investigate the inoculation effect of selected strains for growth promotion of wheat in combination with different levels of chemical fertilizer at two different ecological locations (Multan and Layyah, Pakistan). Among the total 22 bacterial isolates, 11 were positive for acetylene reduction assay (ARA), 9 isolates exhibited P solubilization activity and 19 bacterial isolates produced growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in culture medium. From these, two bacterial isolates with maximum potential to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphorous and to produce IAA were identified through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1 (accession no. KT933231) and Bacillus sp. MWT-14 (accession no. KT933232). Their performance as PGPR along with different levels of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) chemical fertilizers (0-0, 105-75 and 150-100 NP kg ha -1 ) was evaluated under field conditions at two different locations (Multan and Layyah) in 2014-15. The experiments were laid out in Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD). Results indicated that bacterial strain Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1 (with maximum in vitro nitrogenase activity), increased the growth parameters like plant height, chlorophyll contents, productive tillers, spike length and straw yield of wheat at both the locations. The inoculation of Bacillus strain MWT-14 (with highest in vitro phosphate solubilization and IAA production) in combination with 0-0, 105-75 and 150-100 kg ha -1 N-P fertilizer improved the 1000-grain weight by 9.8%, 5.4%, 4.6% and 2.1%, 6.6%, 4%, respectively at Multan and Layyah, and grain yield by 16.3%, 12.3%, 4.7% and 17.1%, 14.2%, 8.5%, respectively at Multan and Layyah over their respective non-inoculated control treatments. These results concluded that plant growth promoting strains Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1 and Bacillus sp. MWT-14 enhance the growth, productivity and net returns of wheat when used as bio-inoculant along with 30% reduced of the recommended NP fertilizer dose.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1 increased growth parameters of wheat at both locations.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1e0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1
Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1e0symbiont - Outcome
- growth parameters like plant height, chlorophyll contents, productive tillers, spike length and straw yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1 (with maximum in vitro nitrogenase activity), increased the growth parameters like plant height, chlorophyll contents, productive tillers, spike length and straw yield of wheat at both the locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus sp. MWT-14 with fertilizer increased 1000-grain weight by 9.8%, 5.4%, 4.6% at Multan over non-inoculated controls.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- inoculation of Bacillus strain MWT-14e1
- Interactor
- Bacillus strain MWT-14e1symbiont
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Value
- 9.8%, 5.4%, 4.6%e1
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control treatmentse1
- Setting
- Multane1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“The inoculation of Bacillus strain MWT-14 (with highest in vitro phosphate solubilization and IAA production) in combination with 0-0, 105-75 and 150-100 kg ha -1 N-P fertilizer improved the 1000-grain weight by 9.8%, 5.4%, 4.6% and 2.1%, 6.6%, 4%, respectively at Multan and Layyah, and grain yield by 16.3%, 12.3%, 4.7% and 17.1%, 14.2%, 8.5%, respectively at Multan and Layyah over their respective non-inoculated control treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus sp. MWT-14 with fertilizer increased 1000-grain weight by 2.1%, 6.6%, 4% at Layyah over non-inoculated controls.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- inoculation of Bacillus strain MWT-14e1
- Interactor
- Bacillus strain MWT-14e1symbiont
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Value
- 2.1%, 6.6%, 4%e1
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control treatmentse1
- Setting
- Layyahe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“The inoculation of Bacillus strain MWT-14 (with highest in vitro phosphate solubilization and IAA production) in combination with 0-0, 105-75 and 150-100 kg ha -1 N-P fertilizer improved the 1000-grain weight by 9.8%, 5.4%, 4.6% and 2.1%, 6.6%, 4%, respectively at Multan and Layyah, and grain yield by 16.3%, 12.3%, 4.7% and 17.1%, 14.2%, 8.5%, respectively at Multan and Layyah over their respective non-inoculated control treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus sp. MWT-14 with fertilizer increased grain yield by 16.3%, 12.3%, 4.7% at Multan over non-inoculated controls.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- inoculation of Bacillus strain MWT-14e1
- Interactor
- Bacillus strain MWT-14e1symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 16.3%, 12.3%, 4.7%e1
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control treatmentse1
- Setting
- Multane1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“The inoculation of Bacillus strain MWT-14 (with highest in vitro phosphate solubilization and IAA production) in combination with 0-0, 105-75 and 150-100 kg ha -1 N-P fertilizer improved the 1000-grain weight by 9.8%, 5.4%, 4.6% and 2.1%, 6.6%, 4%, respectively at Multan and Layyah, and grain yield by 16.3%, 12.3%, 4.7% and 17.1%, 14.2%, 8.5%, respectively at Multan and Layyah over their respective non-inoculated control treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus sp. MWT-14 with fertilizer increased grain yield by 17.1%, 14.2%, 8.5% at Layyah over non-inoculated controls.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- inoculation of Bacillus strain MWT-14e1
- Interactor
- Bacillus strain MWT-14e1symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 17.1%, 14.2%, 8.5%e1
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control treatmentse1
- Setting
- Layyahe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“The inoculation of Bacillus strain MWT-14 (with highest in vitro phosphate solubilization and IAA production) in combination with 0-0, 105-75 and 150-100 kg ha -1 N-P fertilizer improved the 1000-grain weight by 9.8%, 5.4%, 4.6% and 2.1%, 6.6%, 4%, respectively at Multan and Layyah, and grain yield by 16.3%, 12.3%, 4.7% and 17.1%, 14.2%, 8.5%, respectively at Multan and Layyah over their respective non-inoculated control treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Two bacterial isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1 and Bacillus sp. MWT-14.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1e2symbiont
- Outcome
- identified through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysise2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“two bacterial isolates with maximum potential to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphorous and to produce IAA were identified through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1 (accession no. KT933231) and Bacillus sp. MWT-14 (accession no. KT933232)”
Claim · model-written summary
11 of the 22 bacterial isolates were positive for acetylene reduction assay.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- bacterial isolatese3symbiont
- Outcome
- positive for acetylene reduction assay (ARA)e3
- Value
- 11e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e3“Among the total 22 bacterial isolates, 11 were positive for acetylene reduction assay (ARA), 9 isolates exhibited P solubilization activity and 19 bacterial isolates produced growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in culture medium”
Claim · model-written summary
9 isolates exhibited P solubilization activity.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- bacterial isolatese3symbiont
- Outcome
- exhibited P solubilization activitye3
- Value
- 9 isolatese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e3“Among the total 22 bacterial isolates, 11 were positive for acetylene reduction assay (ARA), 9 isolates exhibited P solubilization activity and 19 bacterial isolates produced growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in culture medium”
Claim · model-written summary
19 bacterial isolates produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in culture.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- bacterial isolatese3symbiont
- Outcome
- produced growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)e3
- Value
- 19e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e3“Among the total 22 bacterial isolates, 11 were positive for acetylene reduction assay (ARA), 9 isolates exhibited P solubilization activity and 19 bacterial isolates produced growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in culture medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1 and Bacillus sp. MWT-14 enhance growth, productivity and net returns of wheat when used as bio-inoculant with 30% reduced NP fertilizer.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- bio-inoculant along with 30% reduced of the recommended NP fertilizer dosee4
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1e4symbiont
- Second interactor
- Bacillus sp. MWT-14e4symbiont
- Outcome
- growth, productivity and net returnse4
- Direction
- enhancee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“plant growth promoting strains Pseudomonas sp. LYT-1 and Bacillus sp. MWT-14 enhance the growth, productivity and net returns of wheat when used as bio-inoculant along with 30% reduced of the recommended NP fertilizer dose”
The same questions in other papers
Pseudomonas · physiology: pigments · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
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- positive
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548 papers in the same direction as this paper · 60 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
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See all 614 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.