Abstract
In the present study, we investigated whether the postharvest application of oligochitosan and chitosan could be used as potential alternatives to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) treatment to prevent calyx senescence of mandarin fruits induced by degreening treatment. The results of scanning electron microscopy indicated that the ethephon degreening treatment could accelerate the formation of pedicel abscission layers. Treatments with 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, 5 g kg –1 chitosan, and 50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon degreening fruit and inhibited the browning of the calyx. These two treatments delayed the degradation of protopectin, cellulose, and lignin. Inhibition of the increase in the abscisic acid (ABA) content was also observed in these two treatments. In conclusion, these two treatments, particularly 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, could be potentially used as alternatives to 2,4-D to improve calyx alterations induced by the ethephon degreening treatment in mandarin fruits.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The ethephon degreening treatment could accelerate the formation of pedicel abscission layers in mandarin fruit.
- Taxon
- mandarine0
- Organ / stage
- pedicele1
- Treatment
- ethephon degreening treatmente1
- Outcome
- formation of pedicel abscission layerse1
- Direction
- acceleratee1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e1“the ethephon degreening treatment could accelerate the formation of pedicel abscission layers”
Claim · model-written summary
Oligochitosan at 15 g kg –1 significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon-degreened mandarin fruit.
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e2“Treatments with 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, 5 g kg –1 chitosan, and 50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon degreening fruit and inhibited the browning of the calyx”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan at 5 g kg –1 significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon-degreened mandarin fruit.
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e2“Treatments with 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, 5 g kg –1 chitosan, and 50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon degreening fruit and inhibited the browning of the calyx”
Claim · model-written summary
50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon-degreened mandarin fruit.
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e2“Treatments with 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, 5 g kg –1 chitosan, and 50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon degreening fruit and inhibited the browning of the calyx”
Claim · model-written summary
Oligochitosan at 15 g kg –1 inhibited the browning of the calyx of ethephon-degreened mandarin fruit.
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e2“Treatments with 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, 5 g kg –1 chitosan, and 50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon degreening fruit and inhibited the browning of the calyx”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan at 5 g kg –1 inhibited the browning of the calyx of ethephon-degreened mandarin fruit.
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e2“Treatments with 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, 5 g kg –1 chitosan, and 50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon degreening fruit and inhibited the browning of the calyx”
Claim · model-written summary
50 mg kg –1 2,4-D inhibited the browning of the calyx of ethephon-degreened mandarin fruit.
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e2“Treatments with 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, 5 g kg –1 chitosan, and 50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon degreening fruit and inhibited the browning of the calyx”
Claim · model-written summary
Oligochitosan at 15 g kg –1 delayed the degradation of protopectin, cellulose and lignin in ethephon-degreened mandarin fruit.
- Taxon
- mandarine0
- Treatment
- 15 g kg –1 oligochitosane2
- Outcome
- degradation of protopectin, cellulose, and lignine3
- Direction
- delayede3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e2“Treatments with 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, 5 g kg –1 chitosan, and 50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon degreening fruit and inhibited the browning of the calyx”
e3“These two treatments delayed the degradation of protopectin, cellulose, and lignin”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan at 5 g kg –1 delayed the degradation of protopectin, cellulose and lignin in ethephon-degreened mandarin fruit.
- Taxon
- mandarine0
- Treatment
- 5 g kg –1 chitosane2
- Outcome
- degradation of protopectin, cellulose, and lignine3
- Direction
- delayede3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e2“Treatments with 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, 5 g kg –1 chitosan, and 50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon degreening fruit and inhibited the browning of the calyx”
e3“These two treatments delayed the degradation of protopectin, cellulose, and lignin”
Claim · model-written summary
Oligochitosan at 15 g kg –1 inhibited the increase in abscisic acid (ABA) content in ethephon-degreened mandarin fruit.
- Taxon
- mandarine0
- Treatment
- 15 g kg –1 oligochitosane2
- Outcome
- increase in the abscisic acid (ABA) contente4
- Direction
- Inhibitione4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e2“Treatments with 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, 5 g kg –1 chitosan, and 50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon degreening fruit and inhibited the browning of the calyx”
e4“Inhibition of the increase in the abscisic acid (ABA) content was also observed in these two treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan at 5 g kg –1 inhibited the increase in abscisic acid (ABA) content in ethephon-degreened mandarin fruit.
- Taxon
- mandarine0
- Treatment
- 5 g kg –1 chitosane2
- Outcome
- increase in the abscisic acid (ABA) contente4
- Direction
- Inhibitione4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e2“Treatments with 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, 5 g kg –1 chitosan, and 50 mg kg –1 2,4-D significantly suppressed the formation of pedicel abscission layers of ethephon degreening fruit and inhibited the browning of the calyx”
e4“Inhibition of the increase in the abscisic acid (ABA) content was also observed in these two treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend that oligochitosan or chitosan, particularly 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, could be used as alternatives to 2,4-D to improve calyx alterations induced by ethephon degreening in mandarin fruit.
Verbatim
e0“calyx senescence of mandarin fruits”
e5“these two treatments, particularly 15 g kg –1 oligochitosan, could be potentially used as alternatives to 2,4-D to improve calyx alterations induced by the ethephon degreening treatment in mandarin fruits”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.