Paper · 1991 · Weed Science

Influence of Growth Stage and Broadleaf Herbicides on Tralkoxydim Activity

K. Neil Harker; Robert E. Blackshaw

11
claims
22
verbatim quotes
21
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Experiments were conducted at the Lacombe and Lethbridge Research Stations to determine tralkoxydim activity at two leaf stages of green foxtail and wild oat and to determine tralkoxydim activity in tank mixtures with bromoxynil and thifensulfuron. Green foxtail and wild oat control was usually better when tralkoxydim was applied at the 2- to 3-leaf stage. However, tralkoxydim applied at the 4- to 5-leaf stage of the weeds often led to less weed topgrowth at harvest because later flushes of green foxtail and wild oat often occurred after the early applications. Nevertheless, wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal. In greenhouse and field tank mixture studies, thifensulfuron antagonized tralkoxydim activity on green foxtail more than wild oat. Bromoxynil was less antagonistic than thifensulfuron, but significant reductions in green foxtail and wild oat control were detected in tralkoxydim tank mixtures with bromoxynil. In field studies, control of false cleavers with thifensulfuron or bromoxynil was not reduced in tank mixtures with tralkoxydim.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 11

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tralkoxydim usually controlled green foxtail better at the 2- to 3-leaf stage.

Treatment
tralkoxydime0e1
Interactor
Green foxtaile0e1weed
Outcome
Green foxtail and wild oat controle0e1
Direction
bettere0e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Green foxtail and wild oat control was usually better when tralkoxydim was applied at the 2- to 3-leaf stage”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 249–357 · show in text ↑
e1

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tralkoxydim usually controlled wild oat better at the 2- to 3-leaf stage.

Treatment
tralkoxydime0e1
Interactor
wild oate0e1weed
Outcome
wild oat controle0e1
Direction
bettere0e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Green foxtail and wild oat control was usually better when tralkoxydim was applied at the 2- to 3-leaf stage”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 249–357 · show in text ↑
e1

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Later tralkoxydim application often yielded less weed topgrowth at harvest.

Treatment
tralkoxydim applied at the 4- to 5-leaf stagee0e1
Interactor
green foxtaile0e1weed
Outcome
weed topgrowthe0e1
Direction
lesse0e1
Comparator
early applicationse0e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“tralkoxydim applied at the 4- to 5-leaf stage of the weeds often led to less weed topgrowth at harvest because later flushes of green foxtail and wild oat often occurred after the early applications”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 368–566 · show in text ↑
e1

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Wheat yield supported early weed removal.

Outcome
wheat and barley yieldse0e1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
e1

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Barley yield supported early weed removal.

Outcome
barley yieldse0e1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
e1

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Thifensulfuron antagonized tralkoxydim activity on green foxtail more than on wild oat.

Treatment
thifensulfurone0e1
Interactor
green foxtaile0e1weed
Outcome
tralkoxydim activity on green foxtaile0e1
Direction
moree0e1
Comparator
wild oate0e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“thifensulfuron antagonized tralkoxydim activity on green foxtail more than wild oat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 708–791 · show in text ↑
e1

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bromoxynil was less antagonistic than thifensulfuron in tralkoxydim mixtures.

Treatment
Bromoxynile0e1
Outcome
antagonistice0e1
Direction
lesse0e1
Comparator
thifensulfurone0e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Bromoxynil was less antagonistic than thifensulfuron”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 793–845 · show in text ↑
e1

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Tralkoxydim plus bromoxynil significantly reduced green foxtail control.

Treatment
tralkoxydim tank mixtures with bromoxynile0e1
Interactor
green foxtaile0e1weed
Outcome
green foxtail and wild oat controle0e1
Direction
reductionse0e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant reductions in green foxtail and wild oat control were detected in tralkoxydim tank mixtures with bromoxynil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 851–970 · show in text ↑
e1

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Tralkoxydim plus bromoxynil significantly reduced wild oat control.

Treatment
tralkoxydim tank mixtures with bromoxynile0e1
Interactor
wild oate0e1weed
Outcome
wild oat controle0e1
Direction
reductionse0e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant reductions in green foxtail and wild oat control were detected in tralkoxydim tank mixtures with bromoxynil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 851–970 · show in text ↑
e1

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mixing tralkoxydim with thifensulfuron did not reduce false cleavers control.

Treatment
thifensulfurone0e1
Interactor
false cleaverse0e1weed
Outcome
control of false cleaverse0e1
Direction
not reducede0e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“control of false cleavers with thifensulfuron or bromoxynil was not reduced in tank mixtures with tralkoxydim”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 990–1099 · show in text ↑
e1

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mixing tralkoxydim with bromoxynil did not reduce false cleavers control.

Treatment
bromoxynile0e1
Interactor
false cleaverse0e1weed
Outcome
control of false cleaverse0e1
Direction
not reducede0e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“control of false cleavers with thifensulfuron or bromoxynil was not reduced in tank mixtures with tralkoxydim”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 990–1099 · show in text ↑
e1

“wheat and barley yields usually indicated the importance of early weed removal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–660 · show in text ↑

3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile · control · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results

4 papers: 3 positive, 1 negative or no effect

3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

thifensulfuron · control · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 2 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile · control · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 5 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
    The bromoxynil MCPA tank mixture lowered wild oat control versus MKH 6562 alone or other broadleaf mixtures.

    Control of Wild Oat (Avena fatua) in Wheat with MKH 65621 · 2001 · compared with MKH 6562 applied alone or tank mixed with other broadleaf herbicides

    Same directionCites this paper

  2. positive
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

tralkoxydim · weed · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

19 papers: 12 positive, 7 negative or no effect

11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

15 papers more in this group

See all 19 papers →

tralkoxydim · control · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree

9 papers: 9 positive, 0 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.