Abstract
The Michurinsk Department of the Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeding Scientists (VOGiS) was formed in 1966 after the constituent congress of VOGiS and nowadays includes 54 members. The scientists are engaged in 4 scientific institutions affiliated with FASO of Russia. The paper presents investigations of the individual genetics of leading fruit crops (pear, cherry, apple), identified genes, regularities of inheriting resistance to low temperatures, the most harmful diseases and several characters responsible for fruit quality. Some genes were identified for the first time. These are genes regulating Coccomyces hiemalis Higg. resistance (A), retarded growth habit in cherry (O2), astringency (Ta) and juiciness (Su) of fruit in pear. On the base of hybridological analysis and DNA marking, genotypes were identified. These genotypes carry target alleles of the following genes: columnar growth habit (Co) in apple, dwarf trait (PcDw) in pear, retardant growth (O2) in cherry. It was found that the markers C18470-25831, Mdo.chr 10.12, Co04R12 do not always show robust results for screening of young apple seedlings with columnar growth habit (Co) because they are identified as non-columnar forms. The primer pairs of 29f1 и jwi1r are the most robust ones for identification of columnar genotypes. These primers amplify specific PCR product of 586 bp (5’CR). On the basis of molecular-genetic analysis of apple initial forms and hybrid seedlings, there were identified targeted alleles of monogenic scab resistance genes including dominant homozygous genotype (Rvi6Rvi6) and also alleles of genes involved in the control of the biosynthesis of ethylene (Md-ACS1 and Md-ACO1) and expansin (Md-Exp7) controlling fruit long shelf life and pulp firmness.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
A gene for Coccomyces hiemalis resistance in cherry was identified.
- Taxon
- cherrye1
- Interactor
- Coccomyces hiemalis Higg.
Blumeriella hiemalise0pathogen - Gene
- Ae0
- Outcome
- Coccomyces hiemalis Higg. resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genes regulating Coccomyces hiemalis Higg. resistance (A)”
e1“retarded growth habit in cherry (O2)”
Claim · model-written summary
A gene for retarded cherry growth habit was identified.
Verbatim
e0“retarded growth habit in cherry (O2)”
e1“retarded growth habit in cherry (O2)”
Claim · model-written summary
A gene for pear fruit astringency was identified.
- Taxon
- pear
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=60)
Pyrus communise1 - Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Gene
- Tae0
- Outcome
- astringencye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“astringency (Ta) and juiciness (Su) of fruit in pear”
e1“astringency (Ta) and juiciness (Su) of fruit in pear”
Claim · model-written summary
A gene for pear fruit juiciness was identified.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise1
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Gene
- Sue0
- Outcome
- juicinesse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“astringency (Ta) and juiciness (Su) of fruit in pear”
e1“astringency (Ta) and juiciness (Su) of fruit in pear”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotypes carrying the Co allele for columnar apple growth were identified.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae1 - Gene
- Coe0
- Outcome
- columnar growth habite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“columnar growth habit (Co) in apple”
e1“young apple seedlings with columnar growth habit (Co)”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotypes carrying the PcDw allele for dwarf pear growth were identified.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise1
- Gene
- PcDwe0
- Outcome
- dwarf traite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dwarf trait (PcDw) in pear”
e1“astringency (Ta) and juiciness (Su) of fruit in pear”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotypes carrying the O2 allele for retarded cherry growth were identified.
Verbatim
e0“retardant growth (O2) in cherry”
e1“retarded growth habit in cherry (O2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Three markers were unreliable for screening young apple seedlings for columnar growth because they misidentified columnar seedlings as non-columnar.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Gene
- Coe0
- Outcome
- do not always show robust resultse0
- Qualifier
- identified as non-columnar formse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the markers C18470-25831, Mdo.chr 10.12, Co04R12 do not always show robust results for screening of young apple seedlings with columnar growth habit (Co) because they are identified as non-columnar forms”
e1“young apple seedlings with columnar growth habit (Co)”
Claim · model-written summary
Primer pair 29f1 and jwi1r was the most robust for identifying columnar genotypes.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Gene
- 29f1 и jwi1re0
- Outcome
- identification of columnar genotypese0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The primer pairs of 29f1 и jwi1r are the most robust ones for identification of columnar genotypes”
e1“young apple seedlings with columnar growth habit (Co)”
Claim · model-written summary
The columnar genotype primers amplified a specific 586 bp PCR product.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Outcome
- specific PCR producte0
- Value
- 586 bpe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These primers amplify specific PCR product of 586 bp (5’CR)”
e1“young apple seedlings with columnar growth habit (Co)”
Claim · model-written summary
Targeted alleles of apple scab resistance genes, including Rvi6Rvi6, were identified.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Gene
- Rvi6Rvi6e0
- Outcome
- targeted alleles of monogenic scab resistance genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“targeted alleles of monogenic scab resistance genes including dominant homozygous genotype (Rvi6Rvi6)”
e1“young apple seedlings with columnar growth habit (Co)”
Claim · model-written summary
Alleles of apple ethylene biosynthesis genes Md-ACS1 and Md-ACO1 were identified.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Gene
- Md-ACS1 and Md-ACO1e0
- Outcome
- alleles of genes involved in the control of the biosynthesis of ethylenee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alleles of genes involved in the control of the biosynthesis of ethylene (Md-ACS1 and Md-ACO1)”
e1“young apple seedlings with columnar growth habit (Co)”
Claim · model-written summary
Alleles of apple expansin gene Md-Exp7 associated with fruit shelf life and pulp firmness were identified.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Gene
- Md-Exp7e0
- Outcome
- fruit long shelf life and pulp firmnesse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expansin (Md-Exp7) controlling fruit long shelf life and pulp firmness”
e1“young apple seedlings with columnar growth habit (Co)”