Abstract
There is increasing global concern with environmental food production and sustainability to maintain high carbon stocks in soil biomass. The biomass produced in crop-livestock integration system increases soil organic matter, acts in nutrient cycling, improves the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil and increases grain production. Moreover, this soil management system mitigates greenhouse effect and preserves the environment. However, in the Savannah of Central Brazil region, an efficient mulching production of biomass is one of the factors limit sustainability of direct seeding of soybean, mainly due to accelerated decomposition of crop residues. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate biomass dynamics of pearl millet and Paiaguas palisadegrass in different forage systems and sowing periods on soybean yield. The experiment followed a randomized block design with a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement and three replications, under five forage systems (monocropped pearl millet, monocropped Paiaguas palisadegrass, pearl millet intercropped in rows with Paiaguas palisadegrass, pearl millet intercropped between rows of Paiaguas palisadegrass and pearl millet oversown and intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass) at two sowing periods (February and March). The results showed that Paiaguas palisadegrass in a monocropped system generated the highest biomass production and lowest carbon/nitrogen ratio. The highest carbon/nitrogen ratio and cumulative biomass loss occurred with millet in monocropped and intercropped with oversown Paiaguas palisadegrass in which biomass production was reduced by plant competition. Paiaguas forage systems in palisadegrass monocropped and intercropping on and between rows supported higher yield of soybean. The second sowing periods resulted in higher production of remaining biomass and grain yield, in all forage systems. Intercropping in crop-livestock integration systems showed a promising cultivation technique to maintain a sustainable stock of soil carbon. Key words: Carbon/nitrogen ratio, half-lives, [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.], Urochloa brizantha cv. BRS Paiaguas.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Monocropped Paiaguas palisadegrass generated the highest biomass.
- Taxon
- Paiaguas palisadegrasse0
- Treatment
- monocropped systeme0
- Outcome
- biomass productione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Paiaguas palisadegrass in a monocropped system generated the highest biomass production”
Claim · model-written summary
Monocropped Paiaguas palisadegrass had the lowest carbon/nitrogen ratio.
- Taxon
- Paiaguas palisadegrasse0
- Treatment
- monocropped systeme0
- Outcome
- carbon/nitrogen ratioe0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Paiaguas palisadegrass in a monocropped system generated the highest biomass production and lowest carbon/nitrogen ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Monocropped millet and millet intercropped with oversown Paiaguas palisadegrass had the highest carbon/nitrogen ratio.
Verbatim
e0“The highest carbon/nitrogen ratio and cumulative biomass loss occurred with millet in monocropped and intercropped with oversown Paiaguas palisadegrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Those millet systems had the highest cumulative biomass loss.
Verbatim
e0“The highest carbon/nitrogen ratio and cumulative biomass loss occurred with millet in monocropped and intercropped with oversown Paiaguas palisadegrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant competition reduced biomass production in those millet systems.
Verbatim
e0“millet in monocropped and intercropped with oversown Paiaguas palisadegrass in which biomass production was reduced by plant competition”
Claim · model-written summary
Paiaguas forage systems in monoculture and intercropped rows supported higher soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- Paiaguas forage systems in palisadegrass monocropped and intercropping on and between rowse0
- Outcome
- yield of soybeane0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Paiaguas forage systems in palisadegrass monocropped and intercropping on and between rows supported higher yield of soybean.”
Claim · model-written summary
The second sowing period increased remaining biomass across forage systems.
- Taxon
- pearl millet and Paiaguas palisadegrasst0
- Treatment
- second sowing periodse0
- Outcome
- production of remaining biomasse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- in all forage systemse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The second sowing periods resulted in higher production of remaining biomass and grain yield, in all forage systems.”
t0“pearl millet and Paiaguas palisadegrass”
Claim · model-written summary
The second sowing period increased grain yield across forage systems.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- second sowing periodse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- in all forage systemse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The second sowing periods resulted in higher production of remaining biomass and grain yield, in all forage systems.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping was judged promising for maintaining soil carbon stock.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Intercropping in crop-livestock integration systemse0
- Outcome
- maintain a sustainable stock of soil carbone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping in crop-livestock integration systems showed a promising cultivation technique to maintain a sustainable stock of soil carbon.”
t0“soybean”
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