Abstract
Control of barley fly Dolia fla7ibasis Stein (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) with resistant varieties and insecticides. Field experiment awere carried out to determine the effects of infestation of D. flavibasis on growth and yield of barley. The effects of the attack on the malting quality and commercial value of harvested barley crop was also assessed. Attacked plans suffered a check in their growth and were observed to compensate by recovery growth. The slow rate of development and compensatory growth delayed ripening. In attacked barley, the shoots developed unevenly and the ears did not ripen evenly. D. flavibasis infestation caused high yield losses. Highest yield losses occurred in varieties Proctor, Tumaini, K. Research and MP'IT 169 - 2Y. The lowest yield loss occurred in Can B35/2. However, E. flavibasis attack did not affect the grain quality, hence no effect on the malting quality of barley. The pest incidence did not reduce the commercial value of the harvested barley crop. Five barley varieties viz Procter, K. Research, Tumaini, MP"J.'"T 169 - 2Y and Can B35/2 were tested in the field to compare their resistance to D.flavibasis. Despite variation in results, Can B35/2 be identified as moderately resistant variety useful for reference in further work. The barley varieties were observed to recover their growth after the infestation. Although it was difficult to identify the mechanism of resistance, visual growth recover scores in the field experiments suggested some form of tolerance. However, observed grain yield differences between varieties indicated resistance could be due to many unknown factors such as environmental or varietal yield potential. The response of barley varieties to attack by flavibasis was studied in the greenhouse. The effects of infestation were quantified. 'Barley plants infested with D. flavibasis larvae at 11 - 12 growth stages were virtually killed, while plants infested at 13th growth stage survived. Infested plants suffered. a check in their growth and development but were later observed to recover their growth. Also in response to attack proportionately more tillers were produced by infested plants. This suggested tolerance as the mechanism of resistance. Field experiments carried out on the chemical control of barley fly Q. flavibasis showed carbofuran 5c granules as an outstanding preventive seed-dress treatment, with 4Kg a.i/Ha giving lCC%control to D. flavibasis larvae. Aldrin 4CDk wettable powder was the second effective seed-dress treatment. Phosphamidon 5 S.C.w. and trichlorphon 95 S .P. were the most promising foliar sn.ray insecticides evaluated for control of D. flavibasis larvae on barley. Applications of seed-dressings of both carbofuran granules and aldrin 40J.t wettable powder for control of D. flavibasis larvae significantly improved grain yield.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Attacked barley plants had checked growth followed by compensatory recovery.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Outcome
- check in their growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Attacked plans suffered a check in their growth and were observed to compensate by recovery growth”
t0“growth and yield of barley.”
Claim · model-written summary
Attack delayed barley ripening through slow development and compensatory growth.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- delayed ripeninge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The slow rate of development and compensatory growth delayed ripening”
t0“growth and yield of barley.”
Claim · model-written summary
Attacked barley shoots developed unevenly and ears ripened unevenly.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- shoots developed unevenly and the ears did not ripen evenlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In attacked barley, the shoots developed unevenly and the ears did not ripen evenly”
Claim · model-written summary
D. flavibasis infestation caused high barley yield losses.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Interactor
- D. flavibasise0
- Outcome
- yield lossese0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D. flavibasis infestation caused high yield losses”
t0“growth and yield of barley.”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield losses were highest in Proctor, Tumaini, K. Research, and MP'IT 169 - 2Y.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Proctor, Tumaini, K. Research and MP'IT 169 - 2Ye0
- Outcome
- yield lossese0
- Direction
- Higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest yield losses occurred in varieties Proctor, Tumaini, K. Research and MP'IT 169 - 2Y”
t0“growth and yield of barley.”
Claim · model-written summary
Can B35/2 had the lowest yield loss.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Can B35/2e0
- Outcome
- yield losse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest yield loss occurred in Can B35/2”
t0“growth and yield of barley.”
Claim · model-written summary
The attack did not affect barley grain or malting quality.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- grain quality, hence no effect on the malting qualitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“E. flavibasis attack did not affect the grain quality, hence no effect on the malting quality of barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Pest incidence did not reduce commercial value of harvested barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- commercial valuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pest incidence did not reduce the commercial value of the harvested barley crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Can B35/2 was identified as moderately resistant.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Can B35/2e0
- Outcome
- moderately resistant varietye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Can B35/2 be identified as moderately resistant variety useful for reference in further work”
t0“growth and yield of barley.”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley attacked at stages 11–12 was nearly killed, while plants attacked at stage 13 survived.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Interactor
- D. flavibasise0
- Outcome
- virtually killede0
- Qualifier
- 11 - 12 growth stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“'Barley plants infested with D. flavibasis larvae at 11 - 12 growth stages were virtually killed, while plants infested at 13th growth stage survived”
Claim · model-written summary
Infested barley produced proportionately more tillers.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- more tillerse0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in response to attack proportionately more tillers were produced by infested plants”
t0“growth and yield of barley.”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbofuran seed dressing at 4Kg a.i/Ha gave complete larval control.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- carbofuran 5c granulese0
- Outcome
- control to D. flavibasis larvaee0
- Direction
- lCC%controle0
- Value
- lCC%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“carbofuran 5c granules as an outstanding preventive seed-dress treatment, with 4Kg a.i/Ha giving lCC%control to D. flavibasis larvae”
t0“growth and yield of barley.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aldrin was the second effective seed dressing.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Aldrin 4CDk wettable powdere0
- Outcome
- second effective seed-dress treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aldrin 4CDk wettable powder was the second effective seed-dress treatment”
t0“growth and yield of barley.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphamidon and trichlorphon were promising foliar controls of larvae.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- control of D. flavibasis larvaee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphamidon 5 S.C.w. and trichlorphon 95 S .P. were the most promising foliar sn.ray insecticides evaluated for control of D. flavibasis larvae on barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbofuran seed dressing significantly improved barley grain yield.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- carbofuran granulese0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed-dressings of both carbofuran granules and aldrin 40J.t wettable powder for control of D. flavibasis larvae significantly improved grain yield”
t0“growth and yield of barley.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aldrin seed dressing significantly improved barley grain yield.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- aldrin 40J.t wettable powdere0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed-dressings of both carbofuran granules and aldrin 40J.t wettable powder for control of D. flavibasis larvae significantly improved grain yield”
t0“growth and yield of barley.”
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carbofuran · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.