Abstract
A field experiment was carried out at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre of G. B. P. U. A. & T., Pantnagar, U. S. Nagar, Uttarakhand during kharif seasons of 2014 and 2015 to evaluate the efficacy of different herbicides and their combinations to control the different weed flora in transplanted rice. The experimental site was silty clay loam in texture, medium in organic carbon (0.66%), available phosphorus (27.5 kg/ha) and potassium (243.5 kg/ha) with pH of 7.3. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 12 treatments replicated thrice. In the present study, Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa crus galli, Leptochloa chinensis, Ammania baccifera, Caesulia axillaris, Cyperus iria and Cyperus difformis were found as major weeds in experimental field during both the years. The results revealed that among the herbicidal treatments penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/ha recorded lowest total weed density which was statistically similiar to pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb ethoxysulfuron @ 18.75 g/ha, bispyribac-sodium+ethoxysulfuron @ 25+18.75 g/ha, pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb readymix of chlorimuron-ethyl +metsulfuron-methyl @ 4 g/ha and pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha fb bispyribac-sodium @ 25 g/ha. The total weed dry weight was significantly reduced with penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/ha, pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha fb bispyribac-sodium @ 25 g/ha and pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb ethoxysulfuron @ 18.75 g/ha over rest of the herbicidal treatments. The highest weed control efficiency (98.2%) was also recorded with readymix of penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/ha followed by pendimethalin @1000 g/ha fb bispyribac-sodium 25 g/ha, pretilachlor 750 g/ha fb ethoxysulfuron 18.75 g/ha, bispyribac-sodium+ethoxysulfuron @ 25+18.75 g/ha. The maximum grain yield (6.8 t/ha) was recorded with penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/ha which was statistically at par with pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha fb bispyribacsodium @ 25 g/ha, twice hand weeding at 25 and 45 DAT, bispyribac-sodium+ethoxysulfuron @ 25+18.75 g/ha, pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb ethoxysulfuron @ 18.75 g/ha and readymix of triafamone+ethoxysulfuron @ 60 g/ha.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Seven named weed species were major weeds in the rice field in both years.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- major weeds in experimental field during both the yearse0
- Setting
- experimental fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa crus galli, Leptochloa chinensis, Ammania baccifera, Caesulia axillaris, Cyperus iria and Cyperus difformis were found as major weeds in experimental field during both the years”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus cyhalofop-butyl at 135 g/ha gave the lowest total weed density, statistically similar to several other herbicide programs.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/hae0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- total weed densitye0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Qualifier
- statistically similiare0
- Comparator
- pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb ethoxysulfuron @ 18.75 g/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/ha recorded lowest total weed density which was statistically similiar to pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb ethoxysulfuron @ 18.75 g/ha, bispyribac-sodium+ethoxysulfuron @ 25+18.75 g/ha, pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb readymix of chlorimuron-ethyl +metsulfuron-methyl @ 4 g/ha and pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha fb bispyribac-sodium @ 25 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus cyhalofop-butyl at 135 g/ha significantly reduced total weed dry weight versus the remaining herbicide treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/hae0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- total weed dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- rest of the herbicidal treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“The total weed dry weight was significantly reduced with penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/ha, pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha fb bispyribac-sodium @ 25 g/ha and pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb ethoxysulfuron @ 18.75 g/ha over rest of the herbicidal treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin followed by bispyribac-sodium significantly reduced total weed dry weight versus the remaining herbicide treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha fb bispyribac-sodium @ 25 g/hae0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- total weed dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- rest of the herbicidal treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“The total weed dry weight was significantly reduced with penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/ha, pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha fb bispyribac-sodium @ 25 g/ha and pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb ethoxysulfuron @ 18.75 g/ha over rest of the herbicidal treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretilachlor followed by ethoxysulfuron significantly reduced total weed dry weight versus the remaining herbicide treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb ethoxysulfuron @ 18.75 g/hae0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- total weed dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- rest of the herbicidal treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“The total weed dry weight was significantly reduced with penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/ha, pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha fb bispyribac-sodium @ 25 g/ha and pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb ethoxysulfuron @ 18.75 g/ha over rest of the herbicidal treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
The penoxsulam plus cyhalofop-butyl mixture produced the highest weed control efficiency of 98.2%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- readymix of penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/hae0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 98.2%e0
- Comparator
- pendimethalin @1000 g/ha fb bispyribac-sodium 25 g/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“The highest weed control efficiency (98.2%) was also recorded with readymix of penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/ha followed by pendimethalin @1000 g/ha fb bispyribac-sodium 25 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus cyhalofop-butyl produced the maximum grain yield of 6.8 t/ha, statistically at par with listed alternative treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/hae0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 6.8 t/hae0
- Qualifier
- statistically at pare0
- Comparator
- pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha fb bispyribacsodium @ 25 g/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“The maximum grain yield (6.8 t/ha) was recorded with penoxsulam+cyahalofop-butyl @ 135 g/ha which was statistically at par with pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha fb bispyribacsodium @ 25 g/ha, twice hand weeding at 25 and 45 DAT, bispyribac-sodium+ethoxysulfuron @ 25+18.75 g/ha, pretilachlor @ 750 g/ha fb ethoxysulfuron @ 18.75 g/ha and readymix of triafamone+ethoxysulfuron @ 60 g/ha.”
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