Abstract
Phytophthora megakarya is an Oomycete which has a negative impact on Cameroon cocoa production. An assessment of the level of virulence of different isolates of P. megakarya in mono or coinfection was performed on some hybrids of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) obtained from reciprocal crosses. The isolates tested on eight cocoa hybrids obtained by hand pollinisation were Bakoa, Le4 and Lebdi. Contents of soluble amino acids, sugars, polyphenols and proline were determined using standard methods in mono or coinfected cocoa pods. This study revealed that, the development of the necrotic area in the cortex of cocoa pods was genotype-dependent and isolate-dependent after infection. For this reason, the classification in terms of virulence of isolates was the following: Lebdi<Le4<Bakoa. However, SNK 413 x T 79/501 and T 79/501 SNK 413 hybrids were the most tolerant while UPA 134 x ICS 40 and T 79/467 SNK 13 hybrids proved to be the most sensitive to threeP. megakarya isolates. Bakoa + Le4 combination was the most aggressive among the other combinations.Groupings of samples were observed using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis.Significant and negative correlations were found between necrosis and three biochemical metabolites (total polyphenols, soluble sugars, Proline andsolubleamino acids) in cocoa hybrids suggesting that these metabolites could be considered as markers of resistance in T. cacao/P. megakarya interactions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Cocoa pod cortex necrotic area depended on hybrid genotype and pathogen isolate after infection.
- Taxon
- cocoa
Theobroma cacaoe0 - Organ / stage
- cocoa podse0
- Outcome
- necrotic areae0
Not reportedMaterialDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the development of the necrotic area in the cortex of cocoa pods was genotype-dependent and isolate-dependent after infection”
Claim · model-written summary
The isolates ranked in virulence as Lebdi<Le4<Bakoa.
- Taxon
- CocoaTheobroma cacaot0
- Outcome
- virulence of isolatese0
- Direction
- Lebdi<Le4<Bakoae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the classification in terms of virulence of isolates was the following: Lebdi<Le4<Bakoa”
t0“Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
SNK 413 x T 79/501 and T 79/501 SNK 413 hybrids were the most tolerant to three P. megakarya isolates.
- Taxon
- CocoaTheobroma cacaot0
- Material
- SNK 413 x T 79/501 and T 79/501 SNK 413 hybridse0
- Interactor
- P. megakaryaPhytophthora megakaryae1pathogen
- Outcome
- most tolerante0
- Direction
- most tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SNK 413 x T 79/501 and T 79/501 SNK 413 hybrids were the most tolerant”
e1“threeP. megakarya isolates”
t0“Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
UPA 134 x ICS 40 and T 79/467 SNK 13 hybrids were the most sensitive to three P. megakarya isolates.
- Taxon
- CocoaTheobroma cacaot0
- Material
- UPA 134 x ICS 40 and T 79/467 SNK 13 hybridse0
- Interactor
- P. megakaryaPhytophthora megakaryae0pathogen
- Outcome
- most sensitivee0
- Direction
- most sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UPA 134 x ICS 40 and T 79/467 SNK 13 hybrids proved to be the most sensitive to threeP. megakarya isolates”
t0“Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The Bakoa + Le4 combination was the most aggressive among isolate combinations.
- Taxon
- CocoaTheobroma cacaot0
- Treatment
- Bakoa + Le4 combinatione0
- Outcome
- most aggressivee0
- Direction
- most aggressivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bakoa + Le4 combination was the most aggressive among the other combinations”
t0“Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses grouped the cocoa samples.
- Taxon
- CocoaTheobroma cacaot0
- Outcome
- Groupings of samplese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Groupings of samples were observed using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis”
t0“Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Necrosis correlated negatively and significantly with total polyphenols, soluble sugars, proline and soluble amino acids in cocoa hybrids.
- Taxon
- cocoaTheobroma cacaoe0
- Compound
- total polyphenols, soluble sugars, Proline andsolubleamino acidse0
- Outcome
- necrosise0
- Direction
- negativee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant and negative correlations were found between necrosis and three biochemical metabolites (total polyphenols, soluble sugars, Proline andsolubleamino acids) in cocoa hybrids”
t0“Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest these metabolites as resistance markers in cocoa–P. megakarya interactions.
- Taxon
- T. cacaoTheobroma cacaoe0
- Interactor
- P. megakaryaPhytophthora megakaryae0pathogen
- Outcome
- markers of resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these metabolites could be considered as markers of resistance in T. cacao/P. megakarya interactions”