Abstract
Naphthoquinones exhibit important biological activities and are present in walnut husk residues in significant amounts. However, their potential as alternatives to synthetic nematicides has not been fully explored. This work aimed to assess the effects of pure naphthoquinones (juglone; 1,4-naphthoquinone; plumbagin) on the mortality of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne hispanica second-stage juveniles (J2). Extracts from Juglans spp. walnut husks were characterized, and the effects of J. nigra extracts on attraction and life cycle of M. hispanica were evaluated. 1,4-Naphthoquinone was the most effective compound causing 42% J2 mortality at 50 ppm. The extract from in natura J. nigra walnut husks presented similar effects on J2 mortality to those observed for pure 1,4-naphthoquinone. The extract from dried husks was repellent and reduced nematode root penetration but did not affect reproduction. Therefore, walnut residues can be valorized as renewable sources of naphthoquinone-based products and potentially employed as bionematicides against Meloidogyne spp.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The pure naphthoquinone 1,4-naphthoquinone caused 42% mortality of Meloidogyne hispanica J2 at 50 ppm.
- Treatment
- 1,4-Naphthoquinonee1
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne hispanicaMeloidogyne hispanicae2pest
- Outcome
- J2 mortalitye1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 42%e1
- Qualifier
- at 50 ppme1
JuglansNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Extracts from Juglans spp. walnut husks were characterized, and the effects of J. nigra extracts on attraction and life cycle of M. hispanica were evaluated”
e1“1,4-Naphthoquinone was the most effective compound causing 42% J2 mortality at 50 ppm”
e2“Root-knot Nematode Meloidogyne hispanica”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract from in natura J. nigra walnut husks had similar effects on Meloidogyne hispanica J2 mortality to pure 1,4-naphthoquinone.
- Taxon
- J. nigra
Juglans nigrae0 - Treatment
- in natura J. nigra walnut huskse1
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne hispanicaMeloidogyne hispanicae2pest
- Outcome
- J2 mortalitye1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- pure 1,4-naphthoquinonee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Extracts from Juglans spp. walnut husks were characterized, and the effects of J. nigra extracts on attraction and life cycle of M. hispanica were evaluated”
e1“The extract from in natura J. nigra walnut husks presented similar effects on J2 mortality to those observed for pure 1,4-naphthoquinone”
e2“Root-knot Nematode Meloidogyne hispanica”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract from dried J. nigra husks was repellent to Meloidogyne hispanica.
- Taxon
- J. nigraJuglans nigrae0
- Treatment
- extract from dried huskse1
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne hispanicaMeloidogyne hispanicae2pest
- Outcome
- repellente1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Extracts from Juglans spp. walnut husks were characterized, and the effects of J. nigra extracts on attraction and life cycle of M. hispanica were evaluated”
e1“The extract from dried husks was repellent and reduced nematode root penetration but did not affect reproduction”
e2“Root-knot Nematode Meloidogyne hispanica”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract from dried J. nigra husks reduced nematode root penetration by Meloidogyne hispanica.
- Taxon
- J. nigraJuglans nigrae0
- Treatment
- extract from dried huskse1
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne hispanicaMeloidogyne hispanicae2pest
- Outcome
- nematode root penetratione1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Extracts from Juglans spp. walnut husks were characterized, and the effects of J. nigra extracts on attraction and life cycle of M. hispanica were evaluated”
e1“The extract from dried husks was repellent and reduced nematode root penetration but did not affect reproduction”
e2“Root-knot Nematode Meloidogyne hispanica”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract from dried J. nigra husks did not affect Meloidogyne hispanica reproduction.
- Taxon
- J. nigraJuglans nigrae0
- Treatment
- extract from dried huskse1
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne hispanicaMeloidogyne hispanicae2pest
- Outcome
- reproductione1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Extracts from Juglans spp. walnut husks were characterized, and the effects of J. nigra extracts on attraction and life cycle of M. hispanica were evaluated”
e1“The extract from dried husks was repellent and reduced nematode root penetration but did not affect reproduction”
e2“Root-knot Nematode Meloidogyne hispanica”
Claim · model-written summary
Walnut residues can be valorized as renewable sources of naphthoquinone-based products and potentially employed as bionematicides.
- Taxon
- walnut residuese0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynee0pest - Outcome
- valorized as renewable sources of naphthoquinone-based productse0
- Qualifier
- potentially employed as bionematicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Therefore, walnut residues can be valorized as renewable sources of naphthoquinone-based products and potentially employed as bionematicides against Meloidogyne spp.”