Abstract
Biotic plant problems are caused by living organisms, such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, insects, mites, and animals. Plant responses to different stresses are highly complex and involve changes at the transcriptome, cellular, and physiological levels. In Theobroma cacao the main biotic stresses are cause by fungi, causing the witches' broom (Moniliophthora perniciosa) disease of cacao, Black pod (Phytophthora spp.), frost pod (Moniliophthora roreri and, recently, Ceratocysts wilt (Ceratocystis cacaofunesta). Durable resistance is the key to hamper the advance of these diseases. The OMICS with the classical phytopatological and breeding approaches have allowed: to identify putative resistance genes; to deciphering the genomics of Thebroma cacao, to discover new microsatellite and SNP markers, and to find new QTLs linked to disease resistance. These informations are being integrating in the CEPLAC' breeding program to accelerate the search for new resistance material that carries different resistant genes. In parallel, we study these diseases at the histopatological level trying to characterizing the mechanisms of resistance underneath the hosts as well gene expression in situ. The adaptability of these plant pathogens has also been considered. Advances in the understanding of the breakdown of witches´ broom resistance have been achieved. It was shown that the fungus has a high ability to evolve towards some genotypes. Partial results of these projects and the overall strategy will be presented. Work supported by CNPq, FINEP, FAPESB,RENORBIO (Texte intégral)
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
OMICS combined with phytopathology and breeding identified putative resistance genes.
- Taxon
- Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacaoe1 - Outcome
- putative resistance genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The OMICS with the classical phytopatological and breeding approaches have allowed: to identify putative resistance genes;”
e1“In Theobroma cacao the main biotic stresses”
Claim · model-written summary
The approaches deciphered cacao genomics.
Verbatim
e0“to deciphering the genomics of Thebroma cacao”
Claim · model-written summary
New microsatellite and SNP markers were discovered.
- Taxon
- Theobroma cacaoTheobroma cacaoe1
- Outcome
- new microsatellite and SNP markerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to discover new microsatellite and SNP markers”
e1“In Theobroma cacao the main biotic stresses”
Claim · model-written summary
New QTLs linked to disease resistance were found.
- Taxon
- Theobroma cacaoTheobroma cacaoe1
- Outcome
- new QTLs linked to disease resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to find new QTLs linked to disease resistance”
e1“In Theobroma cacao the main biotic stresses”
Claim · model-written summary
These findings are being integrated into the CEPLAC breeding program to accelerate discovery of resistant material.
- Taxon
- Theobroma cacaoTheobroma cacaoe1
- Outcome
- integrating in the CEPLAC' breeding programe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These informations are being integrating in the CEPLAC' breeding program to accelerate the search for new resistance material that carries different resistant genes.”
e1“In Theobroma cacao the main biotic stresses”
Claim · model-written summary
The witches' broom fungus showed high ability to evolve towards some genotypes.
- Taxon
- Moniliophthora perniciosa
Moniliophthora perniciosae1 - Outcome
- high ability to evolve towards some genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Advances in the understanding of the breakdown of witches´ broom resistance have been achieved. It was shown that the fungus has a high ability to evolve towards some genotypes.”
e1“witches' broom (Moniliophthora perniciosa) disease of cacao”