Abstract
New herbicide options are needed for postemergence (POST) broadleaf weed control in adzuki bean. A field study, of five experiments, was conducted over a three-year period (2014, 2015, 2016) in Ontario to evaluate the tolerance of adzuki bean to the POST application of acifluorfen (600 and 1200 g·ai·ha-1), fomesafen (240 and 480 g·ai·ha-1), bentazon (1080 and 2160 g·ai·ha-1), imazethapyr (100 and 200 g·ai·ha-1) and halosulfuron-methyl (75 and 150 g·ai·ha-1). Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST caused as much as 12% visible injury at the 1X rate and 20% visible injury at the 2X rate but had no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield. Bentazon caused as much as 23% visible injury at 1080 g·ai·ha-1 and 28% visible injury at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 but caused no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield at either rate, except at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 which reduced shoot dry weight 20% and height 12%. Imazethapyr caused as much as 22% visible injury at 100 g·ai·ha-1 and 34% visible injury at 200 g·ai·ha-1 but caused no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield at either rate except at 200 g·ai·ha-1 which delayed maturity slightly. Halosulfuron-methyl caused as much as 65% visible injury and reduced shoot dry weight, height and yield 64%, 41%, and 28%, respectively. This research concludes that acfluorfen, fomesafen, bentazon, imazethapyr and halosulfuron at the rates evaluated can cause the significant injury in adzuki bean.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST caused as much as 12% visible injury to adzuki bean at the 1X rate.
- Taxon
- adzuki bean
Vigna angularise0 - Treatment
- Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POSTe1
- Outcome
- visible injurye2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- 12%e2
- Qualifier
- 1X ratee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e1“Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST”
e2“caused as much as 12% visible injury at the 1X rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST caused as much as 20% visible injury to adzuki bean at the 2X rate.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POSTe1
- Outcome
- visible injurye3
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
- Value
- 20%e3
- Qualifier
- 2X ratee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e1“Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST”
e3“20% visible injury at the 2X rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST had no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight or height.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POSTe1
- Outcome
- population, shoot dry weight, heighte4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e1“Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST”
e4“had no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST had no adverse effect on adzuki bean maturity or yield.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POSTe1
- Outcome
- maturity or yielde4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e1“Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST”
e4“had no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazon caused as much as 23% visible injury to adzuki bean at 1080 g·ai·ha-1.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Bentazone5
- Outcome
- visible injurye5
- Direction
- increaseinferrede5
- Value
- 23%e5
- Qualifier
- 1080 g·ai·ha-1e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e5“Bentazon caused as much as 23% visible injury at 1080 g·ai·ha-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazon caused 28% visible injury to adzuki bean at 2160 g·ai·ha-1.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Bentazone5
- Outcome
- visible injurye6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
- Value
- 28%e6
- Qualifier
- 2160 g·ai·ha-1e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e5“Bentazon caused as much as 23% visible injury at 1080 g·ai·ha-1”
e6“28% visible injury at 2160 g·ai·ha-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazon at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 reduced adzuki bean shoot dry weight by 20%.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Bentazone5
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Value
- 20%e7
- Qualifier
- 2160 g·ai·ha-1e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e5“Bentazon caused as much as 23% visible injury at 1080 g·ai·ha-1”
e7“except at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 which reduced shoot dry weight 20% and height 12%”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazon at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 reduced adzuki bean height by 12%.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Bentazone5
- Outcome
- heighte7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Value
- 12%e7
- Qualifier
- 2160 g·ai·ha-1e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e5“Bentazon caused as much as 23% visible injury at 1080 g·ai·ha-1”
e7“except at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 which reduced shoot dry weight 20% and height 12%”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr caused as much as 22% visible injury to adzuki bean at 100 g·ai·ha-1.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Imazethapyre1
- Outcome
- visible injurye1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 22%e1
- Qualifier
- 100 g·ai·ha-1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e1“Imazethapyr caused as much as 22% visible injury at 100 g·ai·ha-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr caused 34% visible injury to adzuki bean at 200 g·ai·ha-1.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Imazethapyre1
- Outcome
- visible injurye2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- 34%e2
- Qualifier
- 200 g·ai·ha-1e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e1“Imazethapyr caused as much as 22% visible injury at 100 g·ai·ha-1”
e2“34% visible injury at 200 g·ai·ha-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr at 200 g·ai·ha-1 delayed adzuki bean maturity slightly.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Imazethapyre1
- Outcome
- maturitye3
- Direction
- delayede3
- Qualifier
- slightlye3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e1“Imazethapyr caused as much as 22% visible injury at 100 g·ai·ha-1”
e3“except at 200 g·ai·ha-1 which delayed maturity slightly”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron-methyl caused as much as 65% visible injury to adzuki bean.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Halosulfuron-methyle5
- Outcome
- visible injurye5
- Direction
- increaseinferrede5
- Value
- 65%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e5“Halosulfuron-methyl caused as much as 65% visible injury”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron-methyl reduced adzuki bean shoot dry weight by 64%.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Halosulfuron-methyle5
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- 64%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e5“Halosulfuron-methyl caused as much as 65% visible injury”
e6“reduced shoot dry weight, height and yield 64%, 41%, and 28%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron-methyl reduced adzuki bean height by 41%.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Halosulfuron-methyle5
- Outcome
- heighte6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- 41%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e5“Halosulfuron-methyl caused as much as 65% visible injury”
e6“reduced shoot dry weight, height and yield 64%, 41%, and 28%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron-methyl reduced adzuki bean yield by 28%.
- Taxon
- adzuki beanVigna angularise0
- Treatment
- Halosulfuron-methyle5
- Outcome
- yielde6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- 28%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance of adzuki bean”
e5“Halosulfuron-methyl caused as much as 65% visible injury”
e6“reduced shoot dry weight, height and yield 64%, 41%, and 28%, respectively”
The same questions in other papers
Halosulfuron-methyl · growth · Vigna angularis (adzuki bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
acifluorfen · crop injury · Vigna angularis (adzuki bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
bentazone · crop injury · Vigna angularis (adzuki bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Halosulfuron-methyl · crop injury · Vigna angularis (adzuki bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Halosulfuron-methyl · yield · Vigna angularis (adzuki bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
fomesafen · crop injury · Vigna angularis (adzuki bean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Imazethapyr · crop injury · Vigna angularis (adzuki bean)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →herbicide · yield · Vigna angularis (adzuki bean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.