Abstract
The efficacy of an indigenous Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus strain for controlling field armyworm infestation was evaluated against a recommended insecticide (α-Cyphermethrin). The virus did not act as effectively as insecticide. It did not significantly reduce armyworm larval counts. However, it could reduce tobacco leaves damage due to armyworm infestation. In 1994, plots that were sprayed with virus, mixture of virus and insecticide, and untreated plots resulted in 23.10, 28.50 and 37.10% leaf damage due to armyworm infestation, respectively. In 1995 on the other hand, weekly spraying with virus did not reduce the percentage of damage significantly. The varying results between years were also observed in fresh weight of harvested tobacco leaves. In 1994 plots that were treated with a mixture of SpltNPV and insecticide had significantly lower yield than untreated plots but not significantly different to other treatments. However, no significant difference in the yield was recorded in 1995. The differences in the weather pattern between years might contribute to the differences in the outcome of the experiment between the years.
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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The virus was less effective than insecticide.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Treatment
- viruse0
- Outcome
- did not act as effectivelye0
- Direction
- did not act as effectivelye0
- Comparator
- insecticidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The virus did not act as effectively as insecticide”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
The virus did not significantly reduce armyworm larval counts.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- viruse1
- Interactor
- armywormt0pest
- Outcome
- armyworm larval countse0
- Direction
- did not significantly reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It did not significantly reduce armyworm larval counts”
e1“The virus did not act as effectively as insecticide”
t0“armyworm, Spodoptera litura F. on tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus application reduced tobacco leaf damage from armyworm infestation in 1994 compared with untreated plots.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- sprayed with viruse0
- Interactor
- armyworme0pest
- Outcome
- leaf damage due to armyworm infestatione0
- Direction
- reducee1
- Value
- 23.10e0
- Qualifier
- 37.10%e0
- Comparator
- untreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1994, plots that were sprayed with virus, mixture of virus and insecticide, and untreated plots resulted in 23.10, 28.50 and 37.10% leaf damage due to armyworm infestation, respectively”
e1“it could reduce tobacco leaves damage due to armyworm infestation”
Claim · model-written summary
The virus and insecticide mixture resulted in 28.50% leaf damage in 1994, versus 37.10% in untreated plots.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- mixture of virus and insecticidee0
- Interactor
- armyworme0pest
- Outcome
- leaf damage due to armyworm infestatione0
- Value
- 28.50e0
- Qualifier
- 37.10%e0
- Comparator
- untreated plotse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1994, plots that were sprayed with virus, mixture of virus and insecticide, and untreated plots resulted in 23.10, 28.50 and 37.10% leaf damage due to armyworm infestation, respectively”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Weekly virus spraying in 1995 did not significantly reduce leaf damage.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- weekly spraying with viruse0
- Outcome
- percentage of damagee0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1995 on the other hand, weekly spraying with virus did not reduce the percentage of damage significantly”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1994 the mixture of SpltNPV and insecticide gave significantly lower tobacco yield than untreated plots.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- mixture of SpltNPV and insecticidee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- untreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1994 plots that were treated with a mixture of SpltNPV and insecticide had significantly lower yield than untreated plots but not significantly different to other treatments”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixture yield did not differ significantly from other treatments in 1994.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- mixture of SpltNPV and insecticidee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1994 plots that were treated with a mixture of SpltNPV and insecticide had significantly lower yield than untreated plots but not significantly different to other treatments”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco yield did not differ significantly among treatments in 1995.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no significant difference in the yield was recorded in 1995”
t0“tobacco”
The same questions in other papers
application · pest · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
- positive
- positive
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See all 7 papers →insecticide · yield · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 10 papers →insecticide · pest · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.