Abstract
Wheat blast is caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum pathotype (MoT). The potential for wheat blast to cause widespread losses demands immediate action to understand and manage this explosive disease. The recent appearance of wheat blast in Bangladesh demonstrates the threat of global spread, which could occur via the movement of infected seed or grain. MoT mainly infects wheat heads, with symptoms closely resembling Fusarium head blight. To date, wheat blast is considered an intractable and dangerous disease and fungicides have shown limited efficacy. Disease management requires identification of new resistance sources and a complete understanding of MoT ecology and wheat blast epidemiology. Understanding the full potential for pathogen variability, including any role for sexual reproduction in the field, is critical. A small number of pathogen avirulence ( AVR ) genes block other host-adapted M. oryzae pathotypes from infecting wheat; so potential AVR gene mutations leading to new host jumps remain a threat. Indeed, some strains of the closely related Lolium pathotype, causing gray leaf spot of turf grasses, already infect wheat. This review provides the current status of wheat blast research and disease control strategies indicating similarities and differences to rice blast and gray leaf spot. Critical knowledge gaps are discussed.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The Triticum pathotype of Magnaporthe oryzae (MoT) mainly infects wheat heads.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Interactor
- MoTe0pathogen
- Outcome
- mainly infects wheat headse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MoT mainly infects wheat heads”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat blast symptoms closely resemble Fusarium head blight.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- symptoms closely resembling Fusarium head blighte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e1“symptoms closely resembling Fusarium head blight”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicides have shown limited efficacy against wheat blast.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fungicidese2
- Outcome
- efficacye2
- Direction
- limitede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e2“fungicides have shown limited efficacy”
Claim · model-written summary
A small number of pathogen avirulence (AVR) genes block other host-adapted M. oryzae pathotypes from infecting wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume3
- Interactor
- M. oryzae
Pyricularia oryzaee3pathogen - Gene
- avirulence ( AVR ) genese3
- Outcome
- block other host-adapted M. oryzae pathotypes from infecting wheate3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“A small number of pathogen avirulence ( AVR ) genes block other host-adapted M. oryzae pathotypes from infecting wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Some strains of the closely related Lolium pathotype, which causes gray leaf spot of turf grasses, already infect wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Interactor
- Lolium pathotypee4pathogen
- Outcome
- already infect wheate4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“some strains of the closely related Lolium pathotype, causing gray leaf spot of turf grasses, already infect wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The recent appearance of wheat blast in Bangladesh demonstrates the threat of global spread.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Outcome
- threat of global spreade5
- Setting
- Bangladeshe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The recent appearance of wheat blast in Bangladesh demonstrates the threat of global spread”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat blast management requires identification of new resistance sources and a complete understanding of MoT ecology and wheat blast epidemiology.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume6
- Outcome
- identification of new resistance sources and a complete understanding of MoT ecology and wheat blast epidemiologye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Disease management requires identification of new resistance sources and a complete understanding of MoT ecology and wheat blast epidemiology”