Abstract
Intercropping ratios such as land equivalency ratio (LER), competition ratio (CR), monetary advantage index (MAI) and total revenue from millet+legume intercrop under different conservation agriculture production systems (CAPS) designed for maize-based hill farming system of Nepal were compared using general linear model ANOVA. The data was collected through on-farm experimental plots from 28 farming households in central mid-hill of Nepal for two years. Maize was the only crop in first season (March-June), which was followed by four treatments, i.e. millet sole by conventional tillage (CT), legume sole by CT, millet+legume with CT and millet+legume with strip tillage (ST). Cowpea was planted as legume crop in first year, while was replaced by black gram in second year. The initial trend indicated ST had negative effect on yield of following season maize crop. The average LER of intercropping treatments was significantly higher than the sole crops indicating advantage of intercropping, but strip tillage was found to reduce the derived advantage. Although, LER of millet+legume intercrop increased from 1.16 to 1.31 in ST and 1.27 to 1.39 in CT in second year, total revenue decreased because of reduced contribution of high value legume to total LER. Millet+black gram intercrop in second year was found to have higher LER and monetary advantage index (MAI) than millet+cowpea intercrop in first year. It was found that there is economic incentive to farmers for adopting intercropping but there is no incentive adopt conservation tillage in short term. Considering the long-term sustainability and ecosystem benefits of conservation tillage, farmers need to be provided with initial supports for adoption of conservation agriculture.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The average LER of millet and legume intercropping treatments was significantly higher than sole crops.
Verbatim
e1“The average LER of intercropping treatments was significantly higher than the sole crops indicating advantage of intercropping”
t0“assess millet and legume intercropping under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
Strip tillage reduced the advantage derived from intercropping in millet and legume.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“strip tillage was found to reduce the derived advantage”
t0“assess millet and legume intercropping under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
Strip tillage (ST) had a negative effect on the yield of the following season maize crop.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The initial trend indicated ST had negative effect on yield of following season maize crop”
Claim · model-written summary
LER of the millet+legume intercrop increased from 1.16 to 1.31 under ST in the second year.
- Taxon
- millet+legumee1
- Treatment
- STe1
- Outcome
- LER of millet+legume intercrope1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 1.16 to 1.31e1
- Qualifier
- in second yeare1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“LER of millet+legume intercrop increased from 1.16 to 1.31 in ST and 1.27 to 1.39 in CT in second year”
t0“assess millet and legume intercropping under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
LER of the millet+legume intercrop increased from 1.27 to 1.39 under CT in the second year.
- Taxon
- millet+legumee1
- Treatment
- CTe1
- Outcome
- LER of millet+legume intercrope1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 1.27 to 1.39e1
- Qualifier
- in second yeare1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“LER of millet+legume intercrop increased from 1.16 to 1.31 in ST and 1.27 to 1.39 in CT in second year”
t0“assess millet and legume intercropping under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
Total revenue of the millet and legume intercrop decreased because of a reduced contribution of high value legume to total LER.
Verbatim
e1“total revenue decreased because of reduced contribution of high value legume to total LER”
t0“assess millet and legume intercropping under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
The millet+black gram intercrop in the second year had higher LER and monetary advantage index (MAI) than the millet+cowpea intercrop in the first year.
Verbatim
e1“Millet+black gram intercrop in second year was found to have higher LER and monetary advantage index (MAI) than millet+cowpea intercrop in first year”
t0“assess millet and legume intercropping under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
There is economic incentive for farmers to adopt intercropping in millet and legume systems.
Verbatim
e1“there is economic incentive to farmers for adopting intercropping”
t0“assess millet and legume intercropping under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
There is no incentive for farmers to adopt conservation tillage in the short term.
Verbatim
e1“there is no incentive adopt conservation tillage in short term”
t0“assess millet and legume intercropping under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmers need initial support to adopt conservation agriculture, given its long-term benefits.
Verbatim
e1“Considering the long-term sustainability and ecosystem benefits of conservation tillage, farmers need to be provided with initial supports for adoption of conservation agriculture”
t0“assess millet and legume intercropping under conservation agriculture”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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