Abstract
Vermicompost (VC) samples were prepared from manure and spent mushroom compost (SMC) and were impregnated with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), giving ZnO NPs/VC complexes that were added into the soil in which wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.) were then planted. The study was carried out through a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three factors. The experimental factors included: ZnO NPs (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 mg kg-1), two substrate types (cow manure and SMC) and VC (2.5, 5 and 7.5 weight percentages). To the substrate types, adult earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were added. Specifically, after three months, the prepared VC was soaked in ZnO NPs solutions, mixed with soil (according to cultivation substrate weight), then employed in wet plantation of wax beans. The obtained results showed that with increasing ZnO NPs, leaves’ chlorophyll, grains number per pod, stem length, hundred grains weight, grain yield, and the grain protein content significantly decreased. In general, the usage of these NPs in the applied amounts could curb the undesired growth of this species.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing ZnO nanoparticles significantly decreased leaf chlorophyll in wax beans.
- Taxon
- wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)
Vigna unguiculatae1 - Treatment
- ZnO NPse0
- Outcome
- leaves’ chlorophylle0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with increasing ZnO NPs, leaves’ chlorophyll, grains number per pod, stem length, hundred grains weight, grain yield, and the grain protein content significantly decreased.”
e1“wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing ZnO nanoparticles significantly decreased grains per pod in wax beans.
- Taxon
- wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)Vigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- ZnO NPse0
- Outcome
- grains number per pode0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with increasing ZnO NPs, leaves’ chlorophyll, grains number per pod, stem length, hundred grains weight, grain yield, and the grain protein content significantly decreased.”
e1“wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing ZnO nanoparticles significantly decreased stem length in wax beans.
- Taxon
- wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)Vigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- ZnO NPse0
- Outcome
- stem lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with increasing ZnO NPs, leaves’ chlorophyll, grains number per pod, stem length, hundred grains weight, grain yield, and the grain protein content significantly decreased.”
e1“wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing ZnO nanoparticles significantly decreased hundred grain weight in wax beans.
- Taxon
- wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)Vigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- ZnO NPse0
- Outcome
- hundred grains weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with increasing ZnO NPs, leaves’ chlorophyll, grains number per pod, stem length, hundred grains weight, grain yield, and the grain protein content significantly decreased.”
e1“wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing ZnO nanoparticles significantly decreased grain yield in wax beans.
- Taxon
- wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)Vigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- ZnO NPse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with increasing ZnO NPs, leaves’ chlorophyll, grains number per pod, stem length, hundred grains weight, grain yield, and the grain protein content significantly decreased.”
e1“wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing ZnO nanoparticles significantly decreased grain protein content in wax beans.
- Taxon
- wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)Vigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- ZnO NPse0
- Outcome
- grain protein contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with increasing ZnO NPs, leaves’ chlorophyll, grains number per pod, stem length, hundred grains weight, grain yield, and the grain protein content significantly decreased.”
e1“wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
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See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.