Abstract
Nine trials were conducted over three years at three sites to evaluate the efficacy of reduced rates of various fungicide products for their biological efficacy in controlling stem, foliar and ear diseases of winter wheat as well as their effects on yield and grain quality, and to compare the relative profitability of full and reduced rates of fungicides.The results show that the use of half rates can give an economic benefit over that of full rates in many situations.In circumstances where variety or seasonal factors resulted in low to moderate foliar disease pressure the use of half rates gave similar yields to that of full rates.Where foliar disease pressure was high, half rates generally gave lower yields than full rates but the amount of the reduction varied with the fungicide product used.The use of spray additives improved the yield response of the half rate treatments in most cases.Disease levels (septoria) were higher in treatments where half rates were used, compared with the corresponding full rates, but the used of spray additives improved the disease control in the half rate treatments.The timing of spray applications is critical when half rates of fungicides are being used.Reduced rate treatments need to be applied more frequently.In these trials reduced rate treatments were applied as a three-spray programme rather than the conventional two-spray programme.1996 Trials were carried out at Kildalton Co. Kilkenny, Conna and Clonakilty, Co. Cork.The cultivars used were Brigadier at Kildalton and Clonakilty and Ritmo at Conna.In these winter wheat fungicide rate trials there were four fungicide products used, Impact Excel, Opus, Opus/Bravo tank mixture and Amistar.The first three of these were used at full and half the commercially recommended rates.The products were also applied as two-and three-spray programmes.Full rate spray programmes were applied at growth stages 39 and 59 (two-spray programmes) as well as at growth stages 37, 45 and 59 (three-spray programme).The half-rate treatments were all applied at these three latter growth stages.The half-rate treatments were applied with and without the additive Slippa.Sportak was applied to all treatments at growth stage 31 with one exception.Disease assessments were carried out in mid-July 1996.Yield, kg/hl, 1000 corn weight and screenings were recorded for all treatments.Treatment details for these trials are given in Table 2.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Half-rate fungicides often gave an economic benefit over full rates.
- Taxon
- Winter Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- half ratese0
- Outcome
- economic benefite0
- Direction
- benefit overe0
- Qualifier
- in many situationse0
- Comparator
- full ratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of half rates can give an economic benefit over that of full rates in many situations”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Under low to moderate foliar disease pressure, half rates gave yields similar to full rates.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- half ratese0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- low to moderate foliar disease pressuree0
- Comparator
- full ratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In circumstances where variety or seasonal factors resulted in low to moderate foliar disease pressure the use of half rates gave similar yields to that of full rates.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Under high foliar disease pressure, half rates generally gave lower yields than full rates, with reduction varying by product.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- half ratese0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- foliar disease pressure was highe0
- Comparator
- full ratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Where foliar disease pressure was high, half rates generally gave lower yields than full rates but the amount of the reduction varied with the fungicide product used.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spray additives improved yield response of half-rate treatments in most cases.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- spray additivese0
- Outcome
- yield responsee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- in most casese0
- Comparator
- half rate treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of spray additives improved the yield response of the half rate treatments in most cases.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Half-rate treatments had higher septoria disease levels than corresponding full rates.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- half ratese0
- Outcome
- Disease levels (septoria)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- full ratese0
SeptoriaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Disease levels (septoria) were higher in treatments where half rates were used, compared with the corresponding full rates”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spray additives improved disease control in half-rate treatments.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- spray additivese0
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- half rate treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the used of spray additives improved the disease control in the half rate treatments.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that spray timing is critical with half-rate fungicides.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- timing of spray applications is criticale0
- Qualifier
- when half rates of fungicides are being usede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The timing of spray applications is critical when half rates of fungicides are being used.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that reduced-rate treatments need more frequent application.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Reduced rate treatments need to be applied more frequentlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduced rate treatments need to be applied more frequently.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
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See all 877 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.