Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum species complex is a devastating phytopathogen with an unusually wide host range, and new host plants are continuously being discovered. In June 2016, a new bacterial wilt on Cucurbita maxima was observed in Guangdong province, China. Initially, in the adult plant stage, several leaves of each plant withered suddenly and drooped; the plant then wilted completely, and the color of their vasculature changed to dark brown, ultimately causing the entire plant to die. Creamy-whitish bacterial masses were observed to ooze from crosscut stems of these diseased plants. To develop control strategies for C. maxima bacterial wilt, the causative pathogenic isolates were identified and characterized. Twenty-four bacterial isolates were obtained from diseased C. maxima plants, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing and pathogenicity analysis results indicated that the pathogen of C. maxima bacterial wilt was Ralstonia solanacearum. The results from DNA-based analysis, host range determination and bacteriological identification confirmed that the 24 isolates belonged to R. solanacearum phylotype I, race 1, and eight of these isolates belonged to biovar 3, while 16 belonged to biovar 4. Based on the results of partial egl gene sequence analysis, the twenty-four isolates clustered into three egl- sequence type groups, sequevars 17, 45 and 56. Sequevar 56 is a new sequevar which is described for the first time in this paper. An assessment of the resistance of 21 pumpkin cultivars revealed that C. moschata cv. Xiangyu1 is resistant to strain RS378, C. moschata cv. Xiangmi is moderately resistant to strain RS378, and 19 other pumpkin cultivars, including four C. maxima cultivars and 15 C. moschata cultivars, are susceptible to strain RS378. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of C. maxima bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum race 1 in the world. Our results provide valuable information for the further development of control strategies for C. maxima wilt disease.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial wilt was observed on Cucurbita maxima in Guangdong.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita maxima
Cucurbita maximae0 - Outcome
- bacterial wilte0
- Setting
- Guangdong province, Chinae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a new bacterial wilt on Cucurbita maxima was observed in Guangdong province, China”
Claim · model-written summary
Diseased plants developed wilting, dark brown vasculature and death.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita maximaCucurbita maximat0
- Outcome
- wilted completely, and the color of their vasculature changed to dark brown, ultimately causing the entire plant to diee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the plant then wilted completely, and the color of their vasculature changed to dark brown, ultimately causing the entire plant to die”
t0“Cucurbita maxima”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial masses oozed from crosscut stems of diseased plants.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita maximaCucurbita maximat0
- Organ / stage
- stemse0
- Outcome
- Creamy-whitish bacterial masses were observed to oozee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Creamy-whitish bacterial masses were observed to ooze from crosscut stems of these diseased plants”
t0“Cucurbita maxima”
Claim · model-written summary
Ralstonia solanacearum caused Cucurbita maxima bacterial wilt.
- Taxon
- C. maximaCucurbita maximae0
- Interactor
- Ralstonia solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume0pathogen - Outcome
- C. maxima bacterial wilte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the pathogen of C. maxima bacterial wilt was Ralstonia solanacearum”
Claim · model-written summary
The 24 isolates were phylotype I, race 1.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita maximaCucurbita maximat0
- Interactor
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- R. solanacearum phylotype I, race 1e0
- Value
- 24e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 24 isolates belonged to R. solanacearum phylotype I, race 1”
t0“Cucurbita maxima”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight isolates were biovar 3.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita maximaCucurbita maximat0
- Outcome
- biovar 3e0
- Value
- eighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“eight of these isolates belonged to biovar 3”
t0“Cucurbita maxima”
Claim · model-written summary
Sixteen isolates were biovar 4.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita maximaCucurbita maximat0
- Outcome
- biovar 4e0
- Value
- 16e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“16 belonged to biovar 4”
t0“Cucurbita maxima”
Claim · model-written summary
The isolates clustered in sequevars 17, 45 and 56.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita maximaCucurbita maximat0
- Outcome
- sequevars 17, 45 and 56e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the twenty-four isolates clustered into three egl- sequence type groups, sequevars 17, 45 and 56”
t0“Cucurbita maxima”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequevar 56 was newly described.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita maximaCucurbita maximat0
- Outcome
- Sequevar 56 is a new sequevare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sequevar 56 is a new sequevar which is described for the first time in this paper”
t0“Cucurbita maxima”
Claim · model-written summary
Xiangyu1 was resistant to RS378.
- Taxon
- C. moschata
Cucurbita moschatae0 - Material
- Xiangyu1e0
- Interactor
- strain RS378e0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. moschata cv. Xiangyu1 is resistant to strain RS378”
Claim · model-written summary
Xiangmi was moderately resistant to RS378.
- Taxon
- C. moschataCucurbita moschatae0
- Material
- Xiangmie0
- Interactor
- strain RS378e0pathogen
- Outcome
- moderately resistante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. moschata cv. Xiangmi is moderately resistant to strain RS378”
Claim · model-written summary
Nineteen other pumpkin cultivars were susceptible to RS378.
Verbatim
e0“19 other pumpkin cultivars, including four C. maxima cultivars and 15 C. moschata cultivars, are susceptible to strain RS378”
Claim · model-written summary
This was the first reported C. maxima wilt caused by R. solanacearum race 1 worldwide.
- Taxon
- C. maximaCucurbita maximae0
- Interactor
- R. solanacearum race 1Ralstonia solanacearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- first report of C. maxima bacterial wilte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this is the first report of C. maxima bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum race 1 in the world”