Abstract
T he existing cultivable land is not sufficient for growing population of the world (World Fact Book 2012). Thus there is dire need of increasing food production (vertically) on the existing area rather than expanding it horizontally Since 45 percent of the world cultivable lands are degraded Land under irrigation may not extend to compensate the deficits in production of food due to high demand of potable water by ever rising population. The only option to enhance productivity is the efficient use of water. Zero tillage system is well recognized for its positive impacts on crop productivity, economic viability and efficient use of soil and water resources Recent research have shown further yield increments in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) when zero tillage was practiced in previous crop residues Row adjustment and an appropriate N fertilizer application method may be a possible solution. Field trials were carried out to explore suitable row spacing and N fertilizer application method for zero tillage wheat at Agronomic Research Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan (D. I. Khan), Pakistan in 2015-2016 wheat growing season. The experimental design was randomized complete block with split plot arrangement replicated thrice. Four row-spacing i.e., 10, 20, 30, and 40cm were assigned to main-plots while N fertilizer application methods (broadcast and placement) were kept in subplots. Results revealed that row spacing of 30 cm had higher yield and yield components besides higher benefit cost ratio (3.50). Nitrogen placement method proved to be superior to broadcast method of application regarding wheat yield and yield contributing traits. Row spacing and N application methods interaction showed that zero tillage wheat had the optimum wheat yield (5352 kg ha -1 ) when grown at 30 cm row spacing and fertilized with N placement method. The overall results indicated that N placement method along with 30 cm row spacing is quite feasible in zero tillage wheat having no clogging problem to wheat seeder besides higher yield (5352 kg ha -1 ) and economic return as evident from the BCR data (3.80).
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty centimeter row spacing increased yield
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- row spacing of 30 cme0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that row spacing of 30 cm had higher yield and yield components besides higher benefit cost ratio (3.50).”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty centimeter row spacing increased yield components
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- row spacing of 30 cme0
- Outcome
- yield componentse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that row spacing of 30 cm had higher yield and yield components besides higher benefit cost ratio (3.50).”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty centimeter row spacing increased benefit cost ratio
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- row spacing of 30 cme0
- Outcome
- benefit cost ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 3.50e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that row spacing of 30 cm had higher yield and yield components besides higher benefit cost ratio (3.50).”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen placement was superior to broadcast for wheat yield
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen placement methode0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- broadcast method of applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen placement method proved to be superior to broadcast method of application regarding wheat yield and yield contributing traits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen placement was superior to broadcast for yield contributing traits
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen placement methode0
- Outcome
- yield contributing traitse0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- broadcast method of applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen placement method proved to be superior to broadcast method of application regarding wheat yield and yield contributing traits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty centimeter spacing with N placement produced optimum wheat yield of 5352 kg ha -1
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 30 cm row spacing and fertilized with N placement methode0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- optimume0
- Value
- 5352 kg ha -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Row spacing and N application methods interaction showed that zero tillage wheat had the optimum wheat yield (5352 kg ha -1 ) when grown at 30 cm row spacing and fertilized with N placement method.”
Claim · model-written summary
N placement with 30 cm spacing was judged feasible for zero tillage wheat
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- N placement method along with 30 cm row spacinge0
- Outcome
- quite feasible in zero tillage wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The overall results indicated that N placement method along with 30 cm row spacing is quite feasible in zero tillage wheat having no clogging problem to wheat seeder besides higher yield (5352 kg ha -1 ) and economic return as evident from the BCR data (3.80).”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination had no wheat seeder clogging
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- no clogging problem to wheat seedere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The overall results indicated that N placement method along with 30 cm row spacing is quite feasible in zero tillage wheat having no clogging problem to wheat seeder besides higher yield (5352 kg ha -1 ) and economic return as evident from the BCR data (3.80).”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination yielded a benefit cost ratio of 3.80
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- BCR datae0
- Value
- 3.80e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The overall results indicated that N placement method along with 30 cm row spacing is quite feasible in zero tillage wheat having no clogging problem to wheat seeder besides higher yield (5352 kg ha -1 ) and economic return as evident from the BCR data (3.80).”
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