Abstract
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the phytochemical profile and bioactivity of extracts of Brazilian stinging (“cansanção”) nettle (Cnidoscolus urens) on cabbage caterpillar (Ascia monuste orseis). Mortality, larval stage duration, pupal viability and mass, percentage of deformed pupae, and feeding preference were evaluated. The constituent classes of the ethanolic extracts were also identified by analytical thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Ethanolic extracts of leaves and roots at 2% (m/v) and aqueous extract of roots at 20% (m/v) prolonged the larval phase of the insect. The ethanolic extract of leaves at 2% reduced pupal viability, and pupae from all treatments showed reduced masses and generated deformed adults. Except for the ethanolic extract of stem at 2% (m/v), all other extracts showed a deterrent effect on A. monuste orseis larvae. The phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extracts showed the major presence of phenolic compounds, naphthoquinones, anthraquinones, coumarins, anthracene derivatives, terpenes, and steroids, as well as tannins. Aqueous extracts at 20% concentration and ethanolic extracts at 2% of leaves, stems, and roots of cansanção nettle cause larval mortality and also reduce leaf consumption, pupal viability, and pupal mass of A. monuste orseis.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanolic leaf extract at 2% prolonged caterpillar larval phase.
- Taxon
- cansanção nettlet0
- Treatment
- Ethanolic extracts of leavese0
- Interactor
- cabbage caterpillart0pest
- Outcome
- larval phase of the insecte0
- Direction
- prolongede0
- Value
- 2% (m/v)e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Ethanolic extracts of leaves and roots at 2% (m/v) and aqueous extract of roots at 20% (m/v) prolonged the larval phase of the insect”
t0“cansanção nettle extracts and their bioactivities on cabbage caterpillar”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanolic root extract at 2% prolonged caterpillar larval phase.
- Taxon
- cansanção nettlet0
- Treatment
- Ethanolic extracts of leaves and roots at 2% (m/v)e0
- Interactor
- cabbage caterpillart0pest
- Outcome
- larval phase of the insecte0
- Direction
- prolongede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Ethanolic extracts of leaves and roots at 2% (m/v) and aqueous extract of roots at 20% (m/v) prolonged the larval phase of the insect”
t0“cansanção nettle extracts and their bioactivities on cabbage caterpillar”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous root extract at 20% prolonged caterpillar larval phase.
- Taxon
- cansanção nettlet0
- Treatment
- aqueous extract of roots at 20% (m/v)e0
- Interactor
- cabbage caterpillart0pest
- Outcome
- larval phase of the insecte0
- Direction
- prolongede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“aqueous extract of roots at 20% (m/v) prolonged the larval phase of the insect”
t0“cansanção nettle extracts and their bioactivities on cabbage caterpillar”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanolic leaf extract at 2% reduced caterpillar pupal viability.
- Taxon
- cansanção nettlet0
- Treatment
- ethanolic extract of leaves at 2%e0
- Interactor
- cabbage caterpillart0pest
- Outcome
- pupal viabilitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The ethanolic extract of leaves at 2% reduced pupal viability”
t0“cansanção nettle extracts and their bioactivities on cabbage caterpillar”
Claim · model-written summary
Pupae from all extract treatments had reduced mass.
- Taxon
- cansanção nettlet0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Interactor
- cabbage caterpillart0pest
- Outcome
- reduced massese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“pupae from all treatments showed reduced masses and generated deformed adults”
t0“cansanção nettle extracts and their bioactivities on cabbage caterpillar”
Claim · model-written summary
Pupae from all extract treatments generated deformed adults.
- Taxon
- cansanção nettlet0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Interactor
- cabbage caterpillart0pest
- Outcome
- generated deformed adultse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“pupae from all treatments showed reduced masses and generated deformed adults”
t0“cansanção nettle extracts and their bioactivities on cabbage caterpillar”
Claim · model-written summary
All extracts except 2% ethanolic stem extract deterred caterpillar larvae.
- Taxon
- cansanção nettlet0
- Treatment
- all other extractse0
- Interactor
- A. monuste orseis
Ascia monustee0pest - Outcome
- deterrent effect on A. monuste orseis larvaee0
- Comparator
- ethanolic extract of stem at 2% (m/v)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Except for the ethanolic extract of stem at 2% (m/v), all other extracts showed a deterrent effect on A. monuste orseis larvae”
t0“cansanção nettle extracts and their bioactivities on cabbage caterpillar”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanolic nettle extracts predominantly contained phenolics, naphthoquinones and anthraquinones.
Verbatim
e0“ethanolic extracts showed the major presence of phenolic compounds, naphthoquinones, anthraquinones, coumarins, anthracene derivatives, terpenes, and steroids, as well as tannins”
t0“cansanção nettle extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanolic nettle extracts predominantly contained coumarins, anthracene derivatives and terpenes.
Verbatim
e0“ethanolic extracts showed the major presence of phenolic compounds, naphthoquinones, anthraquinones, coumarins, anthracene derivatives, terpenes, and steroids, as well as tannins”
t0“cansanção nettle extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanolic nettle extracts contained steroids and tannins.
Verbatim
e0“steroids, as well as tannins”
t0“cansanção nettle extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extracts at 20% caused caterpillar larval mortality.
- Taxon
- cansanção nettlee0
- Treatment
- Aqueous extracts at 20% concentratione0
- Interactor
- A. monuste orseisAscia monustee0pest
- Outcome
- larval mortalitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aqueous extracts at 20% concentration and ethanolic extracts at 2% of leaves, stems, and roots of cansanção nettle cause larval mortality and also reduce leaf consumption, pupal viability, and pupal mass of A. monuste orseis”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanolic extracts at 2% caused caterpillar larval mortality.
- Taxon
- cansanção nettlee0
- Treatment
- ethanolic extracts at 2% of leaves, stems, and rootse0
- Interactor
- A. monuste orseisAscia monustee0pest
- Outcome
- larval mortalitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aqueous extracts at 20% concentration and ethanolic extracts at 2% of leaves, stems, and roots of cansanção nettle cause larval mortality and also reduce leaf consumption, pupal viability, and pupal mass of A. monuste orseis”
Claim · model-written summary
Nettle extracts reduced leaf consumption, pupal viability and pupal mass of caterpillars.
- Taxon
- cansanção nettlee0
- Treatment
- Aqueous extracts at 20% concentration and ethanolic extracts at 2% of leaves, stems, and rootse0
- Interactor
- A. monuste orseisAscia monustee0pest
- Outcome
- leaf consumption, pupal viability, and pupal mass of A. monuste orseise0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aqueous extracts at 20% concentration and ethanolic extracts at 2% of leaves, stems, and roots of cansanção nettle cause larval mortality and also reduce leaf consumption, pupal viability, and pupal mass of A. monuste orseis”