Abstract
The benefit from organically cultivated crops is strongly related to the maintenance of soil fertility based to a great extent on the soil organic matter content. Farmyard manure (FYM) is one of the more valuable organic fertilizers maintaining soil fertility in the systems of alternative agriculture. To investigate the influence of FYM from several aspects, a field experiment was carried out on a sandy loam Albic Stagnic Luvisol (LVab-st). A five-year crop rotation (potato oats barley clover rye) was organically managed without manure (ORG) and with manure (ORGFYM) treatments. 8.3 t ha -1 of organic dry matter as solid cattle farmyard manure was spread prior to the rye stubble ploughing for potato grown the next year. For the both treatments, the whole mass of clover and straw was ploughed into the soil. During a seven-year experimental period, no significant changes were found in the soil organic carbon (C org ) content. For the ORG treatment, a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in potassium, copper and boron contents in the soil occurred. The application of FYM significantly increased the contents of phosphorus and magnesium in the soil. Under the influence of FYM, the yields of potato, oats and barley increased by 52, 23 and 10 %, respectively; this allowed us to gain an extra 30 GJ metabolizable energy during the crop rotation. The economic calculations showed that the application of farm own manure was profitable even if the yield was sold as a non-organic product. If the yield is sold as an organic product, it would be profitable if the transportation distance of purchased manure to the fields is up to 15 km.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Soil organic carbon did not change significantly during seven years.
Verbatim
e0“During a seven-year experimental period, no significant changes were found in the soil organic carbon (C org ) content.”
e1“A five-year crop rotation (potato oats barley clover rye)”
Claim · model-written summary
Without manure, soil potassium, copper and boron contents significantly declined.
Verbatim
e0“For the ORG treatment, a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in potassium, copper and boron contents in the soil occurred.”
e1“A five-year crop rotation (potato oats barley clover rye)”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure significantly increased soil phosphorus and magnesium contents.
- Taxon
- potato oats barley clover ryee1
- Treatment
- FYMe0
- Outcome
- contents of phosphorus and magnesium in the soile0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The application of FYM significantly increased the contents of phosphorus and magnesium in the soil.”
e1“A five-year crop rotation (potato oats barley clover rye)”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM increased potato yield by 52%.
Solanum tuberosumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the influence of FYM, the yields of potato, oats and barley increased by 52, 23 and 10 %, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM increased oats yield by 23%.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- FYMe0
- Outcome
- yields of potato, oats and barleye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 23e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the influence of FYM, the yields of potato, oats and barley increased by 52, 23 and 10 %, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM increased barley yield by 10%.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Treatment
- FYMe0
- Outcome
- yields of potato, oats and barleye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Under the influence of FYM, the yields of potato, oats and barley increased by 52, 23 and 10 %, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The yield increases supplied an extra 30 GJ metabolizable energy across the rotation.
Verbatim
e0“this allowed us to gain an extra 30 GJ metabolizable energy during the crop rotation.”
e1“A five-year crop rotation (potato oats barley clover rye)”
Claim · model-written summary
Farm-own manure was profitable even with non-organic product prices.
Verbatim
e0“The economic calculations showed that the application of farm own manure was profitable even if the yield was sold as a non-organic product.”
e1“A five-year crop rotation (potato oats barley clover rye)”
Claim · model-written summary
With organic product prices, purchased manure was profitable up to a 15 km transport distance.
Verbatim
e0“If the yield is sold as an organic product, it would be profitable if the transportation distance of purchased manure to the fields is up to 15 km.”
e1“A five-year crop rotation (potato oats barley clover rye)”
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