Abstract
The organic olive orchard represents an economic opportunity for certain rural areas that are not very agriculturally productive. Those are usually mountainous areas, with high slopes and acid shallow soils with little organic matter. The implementation of a legume cover crop in these organic olive orchards would reduce erosive processes and increase the amount of nitrogen in the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate, during three cropping seasons (2010–2013), the possibilities of implantation and behaviour of different species of leguminous plants as a cover crop in the organic olive orchard, estimating their capacity to protect the soil, increasing the amount of nitrogen in soil when the tree most needs it and determining the proper management of the plant residues of these covers during the decomposition process that maximizes this contribution. The results obtained indicate that Vicia ervilia was the legume that presented the best behaviour in the increase of the nitrate content in the soil. Regarding the soil management system, the use of the residues obtained by the process of field mowing increased the soil nitrate either under no-tillage and tillage system. Nevertheless, the nitrate content was higher in tilled soils than in those where covers were only left on the surface. In May of the second season, V. ervilia accumulated 85 kg ha−1 of nitrate in the first 20 cm of soil in tillage, being 40 kg ha−1 in the no-tillage system. Regarding the protection of soil against erosive agents, none of the studied species were effective in protecting the soil until the next sowing.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Vicia ervilia gave the best increase in soil nitrate content among tested legumes.
- Taxon
- olive
Olea europaeae1 - Treatment
- Vicia erviliae0
- Outcome
- nitrate content in the soile0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- different species of leguminous plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vicia ervilia was the legume that presented the best behaviour in the increase of the nitrate content in the soil.”
e1“The organic olive orchard represents”
e2“different species of leguminous plants as a cover crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Field mowing residues increased soil nitrate under both no-tillage and tillage.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Treatment
- residues obtained by the process of field mowinge0
- Outcome
- soil nitratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under no-tillage and tillage systeme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of the residues obtained by the process of field mowing increased the soil nitrate either under no-tillage and tillage system.”
e1“The organic olive orchard represents”
Claim · model-written summary
Tilled soils had higher nitrate than soils with covers left on the surface.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Treatment
- tilled soilse0
- Outcome
- nitrate contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- covers were only left on the surfacee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the nitrate content was higher in tilled soils than in those where covers were only left on the surface.”
e1“The organic olive orchard represents”
Claim · model-written summary
In May of the second season V. ervilia accumulated 85 kg ha−1 nitrate under tillage.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Material
- V. erviliae0
- Outcome
- nitratee0
- Value
- 85 kg ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- May of the second seasone0
- Setting
- tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In May of the second season, V. ervilia accumulated 85 kg ha−1 of nitrate in the first 20 cm of soil in tillage, being 40 kg ha−1 in the no-tillage system.”
e1“The organic olive orchard represents”
Claim · model-written summary
In May of the second season V. ervilia accumulated 40 kg ha−1 nitrate under no-tillage.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Material
- V. erviliae0
- Outcome
- nitratee0
- Value
- 40 kg ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- May of the second seasone0
- Setting
- no-tillage systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In May of the second season, V. ervilia accumulated 85 kg ha−1 of nitrate in the first 20 cm of soil in tillage, being 40 kg ha−1 in the no-tillage system.”
e1“The organic olive orchard represents”
Claim · model-written summary
None of the studied cover species protected soil from erosion until the next sowing.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Outcome
- protecting the soile0
- Qualifier
- until the next sowinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“none of the studied species were effective in protecting the soil until the next sowing.”
e1“The organic olive orchard represents”
The same questions in other papers
pruning · nutrient: content · Olea europaea (common olive)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.