Abstract
Abstract Glyphosate-resistant (GR) and multiple herbicide–resistant (groups 2 and 9) Canada fleabane have been confirmed in 30 and 23 counties in Ontario, respectively. The widespread incidence of herbicide-resistant Canada fleabane highlights the importance of developing integrated weed management strategies. One strategy is to suppress Canada fleabane using cover crops. Seventeen different cover crop monocultures or polycultures were seeded after winter wheat harvest in late summer to determine GR Canada fleabane suppression in corn grown the following growing season. All cover crop treatments seeded after wheat harvest suppressed GR Canada fleabane in corn the following year. At 4 wk after cover crop emergence (WAE), estimated cover crop ground cover ranged from 31% to 68%, a density of 124 to 638 plants m –2 , and a range of biomass from 29 to 109 g m –2 , depending on cover crop species. All of the cover crop treatments suppressed GR Canada fleabane in corn grown the following growing season from May to September compared to the no cover crop control. Among treatments evaluated, annual ryegrass (ARG), crimson clover (CC)/ARG, oilseed radish (OSR)/CC/ARG, and OSR/CC/cereal rye (CR) were the best treatments for the suppression of GR Canada fleabane in corn. ARG alone or in combination with CC provided the most consistent GR Canada fleabane suppression, density reduction, and biomass reduction in corn. Grain corn yields were not affected by the use of the cover crops evaluated for Canada fleabane suppression.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
All cover crop treatments seeded after wheat harvest suppressed GR Canada fleabane in corn compared with no cover crop.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Treatment
- cover crop treatments seeded after wheat harveste1
- Interactor
- Canada fleabanee1weed
- Outcome
- GR Canada fleabanee1
- Direction
- suppressede1
- Comparator
- no cover crop controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“All cover crop treatments seeded after wheat harvest suppressed GR Canada fleabane in corn the following year”
e2“All of the cover crop treatments suppressed GR Canada fleabane in corn grown the following growing season from May to September compared to the no cover crop control”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops reached an estimated ground cover of 31% to 68% at 4 weeks after emergence.
Verbatim
e3“At 4 wk after cover crop emergence (WAE), estimated cover crop ground cover ranged from 31% to 68%”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops reached a density of 124 to 638 plants per m2 at 4 weeks after emergence.
Verbatim
e3“At 4 wk after cover crop emergence (WAE), estimated cover crop ground cover ranged from 31% to 68%”
e4“a density of 124 to 638 plants m –2”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops reached a biomass of 29 to 109 g per m2 at 4 weeks after emergence.
Verbatim
e3“At 4 wk after cover crop emergence (WAE), estimated cover crop ground cover ranged from 31% to 68%”
e5“a range of biomass from 29 to 109 g m –2”
Claim · model-written summary
Annual ryegrass, crimson clover/ARG and oilseed radish/CC/ARG were the best cover crop treatments for suppressing GR Canada fleabane in corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Treatment
- annual ryegrass (ARG), crimson clover (CC)/ARG, oilseed radish (OSR)/CC/ARGe6
- Interactor
- GR Canada fleabanee6weed
- Outcome
- suppression of GR Canada fleabanee6
- Direction
- beste6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Among treatments evaluated, annual ryegrass (ARG), crimson clover (CC)/ARG, oilseed radish (OSR)/CC/ARG, and OSR/CC/cereal rye (CR) were the best treatments for the suppression of GR Canada fleabane in corn”
Claim · model-written summary
OSR/CC/cereal rye was one of the best cover crop treatments for suppressing GR Canada fleabane in corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Treatment
- OSR/CC/cereal rye (CR)e6
- Interactor
- GR Canada fleabanee6weed
- Outcome
- suppression of GR Canada fleabanee6
- Direction
- beste6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Among treatments evaluated, annual ryegrass (ARG), crimson clover (CC)/ARG, oilseed radish (OSR)/CC/ARG, and OSR/CC/cereal rye (CR) were the best treatments for the suppression of GR Canada fleabane in corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Annual ryegrass alone or with crimson clover gave the most consistent suppression, density reduction and biomass reduction of GR Canada fleabane in corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse7
- Treatment
- ARG alone or in combination with CCe7
- Interactor
- GR Canada fleabanee7weed
- Outcome
- GR Canada fleabane suppression, density reduction, and biomass reductione7
- Direction
- most consistente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“ARG alone or in combination with CC provided the most consistent GR Canada fleabane suppression, density reduction, and biomass reduction in corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The cover crops did not affect grain corn yields.
- Taxon
- Grain corne1
- Treatment
- the cover crops evaluated for Canada fleabane suppressione1
- Outcome
- Grain corn yieldse1
- Direction
- not affectede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Grain corn yields were not affected by the use of the cover crops evaluated for Canada fleabane suppression”
The same questions in other papers
cover crop · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
117 papers in the same direction as this paper · 104 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
218 papers more in this group
See all 222 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.