Abstract
Management practices that simultaneously improve soil properties and yield are crucial to sustain high crop production and minimize detrimental impact on the environment. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of tillage and crop nitrogen management on crop yield, N uptake and nutrient use efficiency. Rice is predominant in Typic Ustochrept soil of North West India. A two year field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of three tillage systems [conventional tillage (CT), furrow irrigated raised beds (FIRB) and reduced tillage (RT) and five rates of fertilizer N (0, 80, 120, 160 and 200kgNha-1) in rice crop was laid out in split plot design with three replication. Results indicated that the productivity of rice was significantly different in tillage systems. Response of fertilizer N was influenced by tillage systems, and crop response to fertilizer N was generally observed up to 160 kg N ha-1. Amount of N uptake in rice generally increased with N rate, but tillage had no consistent effect. An improvement in selected soil physical properties like bulk density, stable aggregate size classes, infiltration rate, electrical conductivity and soil penetration resistance was recorded in FIRB, and RT than in CT. The size distributions of aggregates were also significantly influenced by tillage practices. Small macro-aggregates comprised the greatest proportion of the whole soil, followed by aggregates 2 mm) in FIRB plots at depth of 0 to 10, 10 to 20, and 20 to 30 cm was approximately twice the percentage under CT but significant only below the 10-cm soil layer indicating less potential for soil erosion when tillage was omitted. It is concluded that furrow irrigated raised beds i.e. wide raised beds systems with 160 kg N ha-1 would be a suitable practice for sustainable production of rice crop in Typic Ustochrept soil of North West India.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Rice productivity differed significantly among tillage systems.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- tillage systemse0
- Outcome
- productivitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“productivity of rice was significantly different in tillage systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice response to fertilizer nitrogen depended on tillage system.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- tillage systemse0
- Outcome
- Response of fertilizer Ne0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Response of fertilizer N was influenced by tillage systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice responded to fertilizer nitrogen generally up to 160 kg N ha-1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- crop response to fertilizer Ne0
- Value
- 160 kg N ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- generallye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop response to fertilizer N was generally observed up to 160 kg N ha-1”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice nitrogen uptake generally increased with nitrogen rate.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Amount of N uptake in rice generally increased with N rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage had no consistent effect on rice nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- tillagee0
- Outcome
- N uptakee0
- Direction
- no consistent effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Amount of N uptake in rice generally increased with N rate, but tillage had no consistent effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Furrow irrigated raised beds and reduced tillage improved selected soil physical properties relative to conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FIRB, and RTe0
- Outcome
- bulk density, stable aggregate size classes, infiltration ratee0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An improvement in selected soil physical properties like bulk density, stable aggregate size classes, infiltration rate, electrical conductivity and soil penetration resistance was recorded in FIRB, and RT than in CT”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Furrow irrigated raised beds and reduced tillage improved electrical conductivity and soil penetration resistance relative to conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FIRB, and RTe0
- Outcome
- electrical conductivity and soil penetration resistancee0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An improvement in selected soil physical properties like bulk density, stable aggregate size classes, infiltration rate, electrical conductivity and soil penetration resistance was recorded in FIRB, and RT than in CT”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage practices significantly influenced aggregate size distributions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- tillage practicese0
- Outcome
- size distributions of aggregatese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The size distributions of aggregates were also significantly influenced by tillage practices”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Small macro-aggregates made up the greatest proportion of whole soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- Small macro-aggregates comprised the greatest proportione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Small macro-aggregates comprised the greatest proportion of the whole soil”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The reported aggregate fraction in furrow irrigated raised beds was about twice that under conventional tillage at three sampled depths, significant only below 10 cm.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FIRBe0
- Outcome
- percentagee0
- Direction
- twicee0
- Value
- approximately twicee0
- Qualifier
- significant only below the 10-cm soil layere0
- Comparator
- CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in FIRB plots at depth of 0 to 10, 10 to 20, and 20 to 30 cm was approximately twice the percentage under CT but significant only below the 10-cm soil layer”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Wide raised beds with 160 kg N ha-1 were recommended for sustainable rice production in North West India.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- wide raised beds systems with 160 kg N ha-1e0
- Setting
- North West Indiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“furrow irrigated raised beds i.e. wide raised beds systems with 160 kg N ha-1 would be a suitable practice for sustainable production of rice crop in Typic Ustochrept soil of North West India”
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