Abstract
Abstract The experiment conducted in the Kampinos National Park since 2015 is aimed at investigating the relationship between the dynamics of black cherry sprouting response and the type and term of implementation of the mechanical elimination procedure. It also identifies macrofungi colonizing trees undergoing eradication. Three treatments, basal cut-stump, cutting (height: ca. 1 m) and girdling, were performed on 4 terms: early and late spring, summer and winter. Each variant was conducted within two plots, and applied to 25 trees, to 600 trees in total. For two consecutive vegetation seasons, sprouts were removed approximately every 8 weeks with the exception of winter-treated trees. Qualitative data were analysed, that is, the number of trees with and without sprouts at subsequent controls, and at the end of the second season, except winter-treated trees. Initially, almost 100% of the trees cut at the base and cut high responded by sprouting. The share of trees without sprouts gradually increased during the following vegetation season, from 3 rd to 5 th repetition of the sprouts removal, depending on the variant of experiment. Girdling contributed to a delay in sprouting. The effectiveness of procedures, expressed as share of trees without sprouts at the end of the second vegetation season, ranged widely (12%–84%), and depended statistically significantly on the date of the treatment. The effectiveness was higher for treatments done in early (average 68%) and late spring (average 74%), as compared to those done in summer (average 35%). Mycological research concerned 600 trees, including those treated in winter, without sprouts removal. Occurrence of 26 taxa of macrofungi was confirmed on 25% of trees; most of them having wood-decaying properties. Chondrostereum purpureum was most frequent, colonizing 9% of trees. Impact of plots varying soil moisture on succession and rate of fungi colonization, and on sprouting response dynamics requires further research.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Initially, almost 100% of trees cut at the base or cut high sprouted.
- Taxon
- black cherry
Prunus serotinat0 - Treatment
- cut at the base and cut highe1
- Outcome
- sproutinge1
- Value
- almost 100%e1
- Qualifier
- Initiallye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.”
e1“Initially, almost 100% of the trees cut at the base and cut high responded by sprouting”
Claim · model-written summary
Girdling delayed sprouting.
- Taxon
- black cherryPrunus serotinat0
- Treatment
- Girdlinge2
- Outcome
- sproutinge2
- Direction
- delaye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.”
e2“Girdling contributed to a delay in sprouting”
Claim · model-written summary
Effectiveness of the elimination procedures ranged widely, from 12% to 84%.
- Taxon
- black cherryPrunus serotinat0
- Outcome
- effectivenesse3
- Value
- 12%–84%e3
- Qualifier
- expressed as share of trees without sprouts at the end of the second vegetation seasone3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.”
e3“The effectiveness of procedures, expressed as share of trees without sprouts at the end of the second vegetation season, ranged widely (12%–84%), and depended statistically significantly on the date of the treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Effectiveness of the elimination procedures depended significantly on the date of treatment.
- Taxon
- black cherryPrunus serotinat0
- Treatment
- date of the treatmente3
- Outcome
- effectivenesse3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.”
e3“The effectiveness of procedures, expressed as share of trees without sprouts at the end of the second vegetation season, ranged widely (12%–84%), and depended statistically significantly on the date of the treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments done in early spring were more effective (average 68%) than those done in summer.
- Taxon
- black cherryPrunus serotinat0
- Treatment
- treatments done in earlye4
- Outcome
- effectivenesse4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- average 68%e4
- Comparator
- those done in summere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.”
e4“The effectiveness was higher for treatments done in early (average 68%) and late spring (average 74%), as compared to those done in summer (average 35%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments done in late spring were more effective (average 74%) than those done in summer.
- Taxon
- black cherryPrunus serotinat0
- Treatment
- late springe4
- Outcome
- effectivenesse4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- average 74%e4
- Comparator
- those done in summere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.”
e4“The effectiveness was higher for treatments done in early (average 68%) and late spring (average 74%), as compared to those done in summer (average 35%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments done in summer had an average effectiveness of 35%.
- Taxon
- black cherryPrunus serotinat0
- Treatment
- those done in summere4
- Outcome
- effectivenesse4
- Value
- average 35%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.”
e4“The effectiveness was higher for treatments done in early (average 68%) and late spring (average 74%), as compared to those done in summer (average 35%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The share of trees without sprouts gradually increased over the following vegetation season.
- Taxon
- black cherryPrunus serotinat0
- Outcome
- share of trees without sproutse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Qualifier
- graduallye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.”
e5“The share of trees without sprouts gradually increased during the following vegetation season, from 3 rd to 5 th repetition of the sprouts removal, depending on the variant of experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Macrofungi of 26 taxa were confirmed on black cherry trees, most of them wood-decaying.
- Taxon
- black cherryPrunus serotinat0
- Interactor
- macrofungie6other
- Outcome
- taxa of macrofungie6
- Value
- 26 taxae6
- Qualifier
- most of them having wood-decaying propertiese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.”
e6“Occurrence of 26 taxa of macrofungi was confirmed on 25% of trees; most of them having wood-decaying properties”
Claim · model-written summary
Macrofungi occurred on 25% of black cherry trees.
- Taxon
- black cherryPrunus serotinat0
- Interactor
- macrofungie6other
- Outcome
- Occurrencee6
- Value
- 25% of treese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.”
e6“Occurrence of 26 taxa of macrofungi was confirmed on 25% of trees; most of them having wood-decaying properties”
Claim · model-written summary
Chondrostereum purpureum was the most frequent colonizer, colonizing 9% of trees.
- Taxon
- black cherryPrunus serotinat0
- Interactor
- Chondrostereum purpureum
Chondrostereum purpureume7other - Outcome
- colonizinge7
- Value
- 9% of treese7
- Qualifier
- most frequente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.”
e7“Chondrostereum purpureum was most frequent, colonizing 9% of trees”
The same questions in other papers
pruning · quality: postharvest · Prunus serotina (black cherry)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.