Abstract
Antagonistic yeasts suppress plant pathogenic fungi by various mechanisms, but their biocontrol efficacy also depends on the ability to compete and persist in the environment. The goal of the work presented here was to quantify the composition of synthetic yeast communities in order to determine the competitiveness of different species and identify promising candidates for plant protection. For this purpose, colony counting of distinct species and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS; MALDI biotyping) were used to distinguish different yeast species and to quantify the composition of a synthetic community of six yeasts (Aureobasidium pullulans, Candida subhashii, Cyberlindnera sargentensis, Hanseniaspora sp., Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Pichia kluyveri) over time, on apples and in soil, and in different growth media. These studies revealed important characteristics that predispose the different species for particular applications. For example, the competitiveness and antagonistic activity of C. subhashii was strongly increased in the presence of N-acetylglucosamin as the sole carbon source, M. pulcherrima and A. pullulans were the strongest competitors on apple, and C. sargentensis competed the best in soil microcosms. Based on these laboratory studies, M. pulcherrima and A. pullulans are promising candidates for biocontrol applications against fungal phyllosphere diseases, while C. sargentensis may hold potential for use against soilborne fungal pathogens. These results document the potential of MALDI-TOF MS for the quantitative analysis of synthetic yeast communities and highlight the value of studying microorganisms with relevant functions in moderately complex, synthetic communities and natural substrates rather than as individual isolates.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Competitiveness and antagonistic activity of C. subhashii were strongly increased with N-acetylglucosamin as sole carbon source.
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- N-acetylglucosamin as the sole carbon sourcee1
- Interactor
- C. subhashiiHemisphaericaspora subhashiie1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- competitiveness and antagonistic activitye1
- Direction
- strongly increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on apples or in soil”
e1“the competitiveness and antagonistic activity of C. subhashii was strongly increased in the presence of N-acetylglucosamin as the sole carbon source”
Claim · model-written summary
M. pulcherrima was among the strongest competitors on apple.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- M. pulcherrimaMetschnikowia pulcherrimae2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- strongest competitorse2
- Qualifier
- on applee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on apples or in soil”
e2“M. pulcherrima and A. pullulans were the strongest competitors on apple”
Claim · model-written summary
A. pullulans was among the strongest competitors on apple.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- A. pullulans
Aureobasidium pullulanse2biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- strongest competitorse2
- Qualifier
- on applee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on apples or in soil”
e2“M. pulcherrima and A. pullulans were the strongest competitors on apple”
Claim · model-written summary
C. sargentensis was the best competitor in soil microcosms.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- C. sargentensisWilliopsis sargentensise3biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- competed the beste3
- Setting
- soil microcosmse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on apples or in soil”
e3“C. sargentensis competed the best in soil microcosms”
Claim · model-written summary
M. pulcherrima is a promising candidate for biocontrol against fungal phyllosphere diseases.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- M. pulcherrimaMetschnikowia pulcherrimae4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- promising candidates for biocontrol applicationse4
- Qualifier
- against fungal phyllosphere diseasese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on apples or in soil”
e4“Based on these laboratory studies, M. pulcherrima and A. pullulans are promising candidates for biocontrol applications against fungal phyllosphere diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
A. pullulans is a promising candidate for biocontrol against fungal phyllosphere diseases.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- A. pullulansAureobasidium pullulanse4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- promising candidates for biocontrol applicationse4
- Qualifier
- against fungal phyllosphere diseasese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on apples or in soil”
e4“Based on these laboratory studies, M. pulcherrima and A. pullulans are promising candidates for biocontrol applications against fungal phyllosphere diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
C. sargentensis may have potential for use against soilborne fungal pathogens.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- C. sargentensisWilliopsis sargentensise5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- potential for use against soilborne fungal pathogense5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on apples or in soil”
e5“C. sargentensis may hold potential for use against soilborne fungal pathogens”