Abstract
Alkaline stress as a result of higher pH usually triggers more severe physiological damage to plants than that of saline stress with a neutral pH. In the present study, we demonstrated that silicon (Si) priming of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedlings increased their tolerance to high alkaline stress situations. Gongnong No.1 seedlings were subjected to alkaline stress simulated by 25 mM Na2CO3 (pH 11.2). Alkaline stress greatly decreased the biomass and caused severe lodging or wilting of alfalfa seedlings. In contrast, the application of Si to alfalfa seedlings 36 h prior to the alkaline treatment significantly alleviated the damage symptoms and greatly increased the biomass and chlorophyll content. Because of being concomitant with increasing photosynthesis and water use efficiency, decreasing membrane injury and malondialdehyde content, and increasing peroxidase and catalase ascorbate activities in alfalfa leaves, thereby alleviating the triggered oxidative damage by alkaline stress to the plant. Furthermore, Si priming significantly decreased the accumulation of protein and proline content in alfalfa, thus reducing photosynthetic feedback repression. Si priming significantly accumulated more Na in the roots, but led to a decrease of Na accumulation and an increase of K accumulation in the leaves under alkaline stress. Meanwhile, Si priming decreased the accumulation of metal ions such as Mg, Fe, Mn, and Zn in the roots of alfalfa seedlings under alkaline stress. Collectively, these results suggested that Si is involved in the metabolic or physiological changes and has a potent priming effect on the alkaline tolerance of alfalfa seedlings. The present study indicated that Si priming is a new approach to improve the alkaline tolerance in alfalfa and provides increasing information for further exploration of the alkaline stress response at the molecular level in alfalfa.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Alkaline stress decreased alfalfa seedling biomass.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Treatment
- Alkaline stresse0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alkaline stress greatly decreased the biomass and caused severe lodging or wilting of alfalfa seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkaline stress caused severe lodging or wilting of alfalfa seedlings.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- Alkaline stresse0
- Outcome
- severe lodging or wiltinge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alkaline stress greatly decreased the biomass and caused severe lodging or wilting of alfalfa seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming alleviated damage symptoms under alkaline stress.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- application of Sie0
- Outcome
- damage symptomse0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
- Qualifier
- 36 h prior to the alkaline treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of Si to alfalfa seedlings 36 h prior to the alkaline treatment significantly alleviated the damage symptoms”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming increased alfalfa biomass and chlorophyll content under alkaline stress.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- application of Sie0
- Outcome
- biomass and chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of Si to alfalfa seedlings 36 h prior to the alkaline treatment significantly alleviated the damage symptoms and greatly increased the biomass and chlorophyll content”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming increased photosynthesis and water use efficiency in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae2
- Treatment
- Si priminge1
- Outcome
- photosynthesis and water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing photosynthesis and water use efficiency”
e1“Furthermore, Si priming”
e2“alfalfa leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming decreased membrane injury and malondialdehyde content in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae2
- Treatment
- Si priminge1
- Outcome
- membrane injury and malondialdehyde contente0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing membrane injury and malondialdehyde content”
e1“Furthermore, Si priming”
e2“alfalfa leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming increased peroxidase and catalase ascorbate activities in alfalfa leaves.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Si priminge1
- Outcome
- peroxidase and catalase ascorbate activitiese0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing peroxidase and catalase ascorbate activities in alfalfa leaves”
e1“Furthermore, Si priming”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming decreased protein and proline accumulation in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- Si priminge0
- Outcome
- accumulation of protein and proline contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si priming significantly decreased the accumulation of protein and proline content in alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming increased root sodium accumulation under alkaline stress.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- Si priminge0
- Outcome
- Na in the rootse0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si priming significantly accumulated more Na in the roots”
e1“alfalfa seedlings under alkaline stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming decreased leaf sodium accumulation under alkaline stress.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae2
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Si priminge1
- Outcome
- Na accumulatione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease of Na accumulation and an increase of K accumulation in the leaves under alkaline stress”
e1“Si priming significantly accumulated more Na in the roots”
e2“roots of alfalfa seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming increased leaf potassium accumulation under alkaline stress.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae2
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Si priminge1
- Outcome
- K accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase of K accumulation in the leaves under alkaline stress”
e1“Si priming significantly accumulated more Na in the roots”
e2“roots of alfalfa seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming decreased root Mg, Fe and Mn accumulation under alkaline stress.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- Si priminge0
- Outcome
- Mg, Fe, Mne0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si priming decreased the accumulation of metal ions such as Mg, Fe, Mn, and Zn in the roots of alfalfa seedlings under alkaline stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming decreased root Zn accumulation under alkaline stress.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- Si priminge0
- Outcome
- Zne0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si priming decreased the accumulation of metal ions such as Mg, Fe, Mn, and Zn in the roots of alfalfa seedlings under alkaline stress”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose silicon priming to improve alfalfa alkaline tolerance.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- Si priminge0
- Outcome
- improve the alkaline tolerancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si priming is a new approach to improve the alkaline tolerance in alfalfa”
The same questions in other papers
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.