Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani causes sheath blight disease in rice; however, the defense mechanism of rice plants against R. solani remains elusive. To analyze the roles of brassinosteroid (BR) and ethylene signaling on rice defense to R. solani, wild-type (WT) rice and several mutants and overexpressing (OX) lines were inoculated with R. solani. Mutants d61-1 and d2 were less susceptible to sheath blight disease, bri1-D was more susceptible, and ravl1 and d61-1/EIL1 Ri5 were similarly susceptible compared with WT. The double mutant ravl1/d61-1 was phenotypically similar to the ravl1 mutant. Transcriptome analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and transient assays indicted that RAVL1 might directly activate Ethylene insensitive 3-like 1 (EIL1), a master regulator of ethylene signaling. Mutants ers1 and d61-1/RAVL1 OX were resistant to sheath blight disease, whereas EIL1 RNAi mutants and RAVL1 OX were more susceptible than WT. BRI1 and D2 expression in EIL1 Ri5/RAVL1 OX and EIL1 expression in d61-1/RAVL1 OX indicated that RAVL1 activates BRI1/D2 and EIL1, respectively, independent of BR and ethylene signaling. Our analyses provide information on how BR and ethylene signaling regulate sheath blight disease and on the regulatory function of RAVL1 in rice sheath blight disease.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
d61-1 and d2 mutants were less susceptible than wild type.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- d61-1 and d2e0
- Outcome
- sheath blight diseasee0
- Direction
- less susceptiblee0
- Comparator
- WTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mutants d61-1 and d2 were less susceptible to sheath blight disease, bri1-D was more susceptible, and ravl1 and d61-1/EIL1 Ri5 were similarly susceptible compared with WT.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
bri1-D was more susceptible than wild type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- bri1-De0
- Outcome
- sheath blight diseasee0
- Direction
- more susceptiblee0
- Comparator
- WTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mutants d61-1 and d2 were less susceptible to sheath blight disease, bri1-D was more susceptible, and ravl1 and d61-1/EIL1 Ri5 were similarly susceptible compared with WT.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
ravl1 and d61-1/EIL1 Ri5 were similarly susceptible to wild type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ravl1 and d61-1/EIL1 Ri5e0
- Outcome
- susceptiblee0
- Direction
- similarlye0
- Comparator
- WTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ravl1 and d61-1/EIL1 Ri5 were similarly susceptible compared with WT.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
ravl1/d61-1 resembled ravl1 phenotypically.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ravl1/d61-1e0
- Outcome
- phenotypically similare0
- Comparator
- ravl1 mutante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The double mutant ravl1/d61-1 was phenotypically similar to the ravl1 mutant.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
RAVL1 may directly activate EIL1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- RAVL1e0
- Outcome
- activate Ethylene insensitive 3-like 1 (EIL1)e0
- Qualifier
- mighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RAVL1 might directly activate Ethylene insensitive 3-like 1 (EIL1), a master regulator of ethylene signaling.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
ers1 and d61-1/RAVL1 OX mutants resisted sheath blight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ers1 and d61-1/RAVL1 OXe0
- Outcome
- resistant to sheath blight diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mutants ers1 and d61-1/RAVL1 OX were resistant to sheath blight disease”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
EIL1 RNAi mutants and RAVL1 OX were more susceptible than wild type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- EIL1 RNAi mutants and RAVL1 OXe0
- Outcome
- susceptiblee0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- WTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EIL1 RNAi mutants and RAVL1 OX were more susceptible than WT.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
RAVL1 activates BRI1/D2 independently of BR signaling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- RAVL1e0
- Outcome
- activates BRI1/D2e0
- Qualifier
- independent of BR and ethylene signalinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RAVL1 activates BRI1/D2 and EIL1, respectively, independent of BR and ethylene signaling.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
RAVL1 activates EIL1 independently of ethylene signaling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- RAVL1e0
- Outcome
- EIL1e0
- Qualifier
- independent of BR and ethylene signalinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RAVL1 activates BRI1/D2 and EIL1, respectively, independent of BR and ethylene signaling.”
t0“Rice”