Abstract
Core Ideas Under wheat–pea, reduced tillage increased SOC, TN, and pea yields over fall plowing. No‐till decreased surface soil pH and wheat yields relative to fall plowing. Spring plowing minimized surface soil acidification, increased crop yield, and maintained SOC and TN. Data from an ongoing winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)–spring pea ( Pisum sativum L.) long‐term experiment on a Walla‐Walla silt loam (coarse‐silty, mixed, mesic Typic Haploxeroll) in eastern Oregon was used to evaluate the effects of four tillage systems [fall plow (FP), spring plow (SP), disk tillage and chisel plow (DT/CP), and no‐till (NT)] on soil pH, bulk density, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and grain yields. Among tillage types, FP produced the lowest pea yields in 4 out of 6 crop‐years, whereas NT produced the lowest wheat yields during dry and hot crop‐years. Both NT and DT/CP had lower soil pH than FP and SP in the surface 10 cm. Soil organic C and TN were higher under NT and DT/CP than under FP and SP in the surface 10 cm. However, SP increased SOC and TN over NT at soil depth of 10 to 20 cm. Under wheat–pea, NT and DT/CP will increase SOC, TN, and pea yields but may reduce surface soil pH and decrease wheat yields relative to conventional FP. Spring plow has the potential to minimize surface soil acidification, increase crop yield, and maintain SOC and TN in wheat‐pea systems.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Fall plowing produced the lowest pea yields in four of six crop years.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- FPe0
- Outcome
- pea yieldse0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 4 out of 6 crop‐yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FP produced the lowest pea yields in 4 out of 6 crop‐years”
Claim · model-written summary
No till produced the lowest wheat yields in dry and hot crop years.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- NTe0
- Outcome
- wheat yieldse0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Qualifier
- dry and hot crop‐yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NT produced the lowest wheat yields during dry and hot crop‐years”
Claim · model-written summary
No till and disk tillage or chisel plowing lowered surface soil pH relative to fall and spring plowing.
- Taxon
- Winter Wheat–Spring PeaLathyrus oleraceusTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NT and DT/CPe0
- Outcome
- soil pHe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- surface 10 cme0
- Comparator
- FP and SPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both NT and DT/CP had lower soil pH than FP and SP in the surface 10 cm”
t0“Winter Wheat–Spring Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
No till and disk tillage or chisel plowing raised surface soil organic carbon and total nitrogen relative to fall and spring plowing.
- Taxon
- Winter Wheat–Spring PeaLathyrus oleraceusTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NT and DT/CPe0
- Outcome
- Soil organic C and TNe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- FP and SPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil organic C and TN were higher under NT and DT/CP than under FP and SP in the surface 10 cm”
t0“Winter Wheat–Spring Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring plowing increased soil organic carbon and total nitrogen over no till at 10 to 20 cm depth.
- Taxon
- Winter Wheat–Spring PeaLathyrus oleraceusTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SPe0
- Outcome
- SOC and TNe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- soil depth of 10 to 20 cme0
- Comparator
- NTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SP increased SOC and TN over NT at soil depth of 10 to 20 cm”
t0“Winter Wheat–Spring Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
No till and disk tillage or chisel plowing increased pea yields relative to fall plowing.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- NT and DT/CPe0
- Outcome
- pea yieldse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- conventional FPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NT and DT/CP will increase SOC, TN, and pea yields but may reduce surface soil pH and decrease wheat yields relative to conventional FP”
Claim · model-written summary
No till and disk tillage or chisel plowing may decrease wheat yields relative to fall plowing.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NT and DT/CPe0
- Outcome
- wheat yieldse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- conventional FPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NT and DT/CP will increase SOC, TN, and pea yields but may reduce surface soil pH and decrease wheat yields relative to conventional FP”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring plowing may minimize surface acidification, increase crop yield, and maintain soil carbon and nitrogen.
Verbatim
e0“Spring plow has the potential to minimize surface soil acidification, increase crop yield, and maintain SOC and TN in wheat‐pea systems”
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