Abstract
ABSTRACT: Recent increases in the development of herbicide resistance in Phalaris minor worldwide demand alternative non-chemical strategies to control this weed. A series of experiments were conducted under laboratory and greenhouse conditions to explore the herbicidal potential of four allelopathic crops, including maize, rice, sorghum and sunflower, at different concentrations of aqueous extracts (2.5% and 5%), residues (1%, 2% and 4%) and mulches (4, 8, and 12 ton ha-1) against fenoxaprop-resistant P. minor. Aqueous extracts, residues and mulches provided 86-100%, 73-100% and 16-40% control of this resistant weed biotype, respectively. The dry biomass reduction due to aqueous extracts, residues and mulches was 48-100%, 48-100% and 20-54%, respectively. Mulches also caused 17-41% reduction in the seed production potential of P. minor. Lower concentrations of allelochemicals showed hormesis (positive effect) against some emergence and growth traits of P. minor. The phytotoxic chemicals of these four crops have a strong herbicidal potential against herbicide-resistant P. minor, and can be used as an organic alternative to control herbicide resistant P. minor, thus ensuring a sustainable wheat production.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extracts controlled resistant Phalaris minor by 86-100%.
- Taxon
- Phalaris minor
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Phalaris minort0 - Treatment
- Aqueous extractse0
- Outcome
- control of this resistant weed biotypee0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 86-100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Aqueous extracts, residues and mulches provided 86-100%, 73-100% and 16-40% control of this resistant weed biotype, respectively.”
t0“Phalaris minor”
Claim · model-written summary
Residues controlled resistant Phalaris minor by 73-100%.
- Taxon
- Phalaris minorPhalaris minort0
- Treatment
- residuese0
- Outcome
- control of this resistant weed biotypee0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 73-100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aqueous extracts, residues and mulches provided 86-100%, 73-100% and 16-40% control of this resistant weed biotype, respectively.”
t0“Phalaris minor”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulches controlled resistant Phalaris minor by 16-40%.
- Taxon
- Phalaris minorPhalaris minort0
- Treatment
- mulchese0
- Outcome
- control of this resistant weed biotypee0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 16-40%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aqueous extracts, residues and mulches provided 86-100%, 73-100% and 16-40% control of this resistant weed biotype, respectively.”
t0“Phalaris minor”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extracts reduced Phalaris minor dry biomass by 48-100%.
- Taxon
- Phalaris minorPhalaris minort0
- Treatment
- aqueous extractse0
- Outcome
- dry biomasse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 48-100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dry biomass reduction due to aqueous extracts, residues and mulches was 48-100%, 48-100% and 20-54%, respectively.”
t0“Phalaris minor”
Claim · model-written summary
Residues reduced Phalaris minor dry biomass by 48-100%.
- Taxon
- Phalaris minorPhalaris minort0
- Treatment
- residuese0
- Outcome
- dry biomasse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 48-100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dry biomass reduction due to aqueous extracts, residues and mulches was 48-100%, 48-100% and 20-54%, respectively.”
t0“Phalaris minor”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulches reduced Phalaris minor dry biomass by 20-54%.
- Taxon
- Phalaris minorPhalaris minort0
- Treatment
- mulchese0
- Outcome
- dry biomasse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 20-54%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dry biomass reduction due to aqueous extracts, residues and mulches was 48-100%, 48-100% and 20-54%, respectively.”
t0“Phalaris minor”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulches reduced Phalaris minor seed production potential by 17-41%.
- Taxon
- P. minorPhalaris minore0
- Treatment
- Mulchese0
- Outcome
- seed production potentiale0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 17-41%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mulches also caused 17-41% reduction in the seed production potential of P. minor.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower allelochemical concentrations stimulated some emergence and growth traits of Phalaris minor.
- Taxon
- P. minorPhalaris minore0
- Treatment
- Lower concentrations of allelochemicalse0
- Outcome
- emergence and growth traitse0
- Direction
- positive effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lower concentrations of allelochemicals showed hormesis (positive effect) against some emergence and growth traits of P. minor.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose these four crops as an organic alternative for control of resistant Phalaris minor.
- Taxon
- P. minorPhalaris minore0
- Outcome
- organic alternative to control herbicide resistant P. minore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The phytotoxic chemicals of these four crops have a strong herbicidal potential against herbicide-resistant P. minor, and can be used as an organic alternative to control herbicide resistant P. minor, thus ensuring a sustainable wheat production.”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · growth · Phalaris minor (littleseed canarygrass)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.