Abstract
The aims of the paper were as follows: (1) to assess the applicability of speckled alder for pioneer stands on the mountainous clear-cut tracts and (2) to evaluate the effects of slow-release fertilizer on the survival and growth of speckled alder under harsh environmental conditions. On the basis of seven-year results we can presume that speckled alder is a convenient pioneer species that can be cultivated on harsh mountain sites where the climatic extremes need to be alleviated and a layer of surface humus renewed. The initial slow-release fertilization is, nonetheless, highly desirable. As contrasted to the control the surface and planting hole applications of amendment reduced the total seven-year mortality rate by 9.5% and 20.1%, respectively, and the periodic annual height increment (2003-2009) was promoted by 47% and 59%, respectively. Analogous results were obtained when the values of basal stem diameter and crown diameter were compared. As for the method of application, the placement of the slow-release amendment in the planting holes seems to be more efficient mainly in terms of survival promoting. The surface application is, nonetheless, less laborious and also yielded satisfactory results.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Speckled alder is a convenient pioneer species that can be cultivated on harsh mountain sites.
Verbatim
e0“speckled alder is a convenient pioneer species that can be cultivated on harsh mountain sites where the climatic extremes need to be alleviated and a layer of surface humus renewed”
Claim · model-written summary
Initial slow-release fertilization is highly desirable for speckled alder on mountain sites.
Verbatim
t0“Cultivation of speckled alder under harsh mountain conditions”
e1“The initial slow-release fertilization is, nonetheless, highly desirable”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface application of slow-release amendment reduced seven-year mortality of speckled alder by 9.5% compared with the control.
Verbatim
t0“Cultivation of speckled alder under harsh mountain conditions”
e2“As contrasted to the control the surface and planting hole applications of amendment reduced the total seven-year mortality rate by 9.5% and 20.1%, respectively, and the periodic annual height increment (2003-2009) was promoted by 47% and 59%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting-hole application of slow-release amendment reduced seven-year mortality of speckled alder by 20.1% compared with the control.
Verbatim
t0“Cultivation of speckled alder under harsh mountain conditions”
e2“As contrasted to the control the surface and planting hole applications of amendment reduced the total seven-year mortality rate by 9.5% and 20.1%, respectively, and the periodic annual height increment (2003-2009) was promoted by 47% and 59%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface application of slow-release amendment promoted the periodic annual height increment of speckled alder by 47% compared with the control.
Verbatim
t0“Cultivation of speckled alder under harsh mountain conditions”
e2“As contrasted to the control the surface and planting hole applications of amendment reduced the total seven-year mortality rate by 9.5% and 20.1%, respectively, and the periodic annual height increment (2003-2009) was promoted by 47% and 59%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting-hole application of slow-release amendment promoted the periodic annual height increment of speckled alder by 59% compared with the control.
Verbatim
t0“Cultivation of speckled alder under harsh mountain conditions”
e2“As contrasted to the control the surface and planting hole applications of amendment reduced the total seven-year mortality rate by 9.5% and 20.1%, respectively, and the periodic annual height increment (2003-2009) was promoted by 47% and 59%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-release amendment application increased basal stem diameter and crown diameter of speckled alder compared with the control, analogously to the height and survival results.
Verbatim
t0“Cultivation of speckled alder under harsh mountain conditions”
e2“As contrasted to the control the surface and planting hole applications of amendment reduced the total seven-year mortality rate by 9.5% and 20.1%, respectively, and the periodic annual height increment (2003-2009) was promoted by 47% and 59%, respectively”
e3“Analogous results were obtained when the values of basal stem diameter and crown diameter were compared”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting-hole placement of the slow-release amendment is more efficient than surface application for speckled alder survival.
Verbatim
t0“Cultivation of speckled alder under harsh mountain conditions”
e4“the placement of the slow-release amendment in the planting holes seems to be more efficient mainly in terms of survival promoting”
e5“The surface application is, nonetheless, less laborious and also yielded satisfactory results”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface application of the slow-release amendment is less laborious and yielded satisfactory results for speckled alder.
Verbatim
t0“Cultivation of speckled alder under harsh mountain conditions”
e5“The surface application is, nonetheless, less laborious and also yielded satisfactory results”