Abstract
The synergism of soil solarization with applications of reduced rates of 1,3 D and dazomet and soil incorporation of wheat straw on the control of Heterodera carotae on carrot and Ditylenchus dipsaci on onion was investigated in 1990-1991 in six field trials in Italy. Fumigations with 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/ha followed by four or eight week solarization periods improved the control of H. carotae compared with either method alone, resulting in the near eradication of the nematode from the top 30 cm soil and suppression of carrot feeder root infestation. Significant increases in carrot yields were obtained with 50 1 1,3 D/ha in combination with soil solarization. Similar levels of egg mortality of H, carotae were obtained by a combination of soil application of 50 or 100 kg dazomet/ha and soil solarization, although the treatment had no effect on carrot yield and root infestation. More onion plants survived Ditylenchus dipsaci infestation and larger marketable yields of onions were obtained with a combination of soil solarization with 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/ha. Except for an application of 50 kg dazometh followed by eight week solarization, both solarization periods and all rates of dazomet, alone or in combination, fenamiphos at 10 kg/ha and 1,3 D at 250 l/ha suppressed nematode infestation and increased onion yield. Soil incorporation of 5 and 10 t wheat strawha, or 5 t straw/ha followed by eight week solarization, also reduced nematode infestation and increased onion yield.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Combined 1,3 D and solarization improved control of H. carotae over either alone.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotae1 - Treatment
- 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/ha followed by four or eight week solarization periodse0
- Interactor
- H. carotaeHeterodera carotaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- control of H. carotaee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- either method alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fumigations with 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/ha followed by four or eight week solarization periods improved the control of H. carotae compared with either method alone”
e1“Heterodera carotae on carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination nearly eradicated nematodes from topsoil.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae2
- Treatment
- Fumigations with 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/ha followed by four or eight week solarization periodse1
- Interactor
- Heterodera carotaeHeterodera carotaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- nematode from the top 30 cm soile0
- Direction
- near eradicatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulting in the near eradication of the nematode from the top 30 cm soil”
e1“Fumigations with 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/ha followed by four or eight week solarization periods”
e2“Heterodera carotae on carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination suppressed carrot feeder root infestation.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- Fumigations with 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/ha followed by four or eight week solarization periodse1
- Interactor
- Heterodera carotaeHeterodera carotaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- carrot feeder root infestatione0
- Direction
- suppressione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suppression of carrot feeder root infestation”
e1“Fumigations with 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/ha followed by four or eight week solarization periods”
e2“Heterodera carotae on carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
50 1 1,3 D/ha with solarization significantly increased carrot yield.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- 50 1 1,3 D/ha in combination with soil solarizatione0
- Outcome
- carrot yieldse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant increases in carrot yields were obtained with 50 1 1,3 D/ha in combination with soil solarization”
Claim · model-written summary
Dazomet with solarization gave similar H. carotae egg mortality.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Treatment
- soil application of 50 or 100 kg dazomet/ha and soil solarizatione0
- Interactor
- H, carotaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- egg mortality of H, carotaee0
- Direction
- Similar levelse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar levels of egg mortality of H, carotae were obtained by a combination of soil application of 50 or 100 kg dazomet/ha and soil solarization”
e1“Heterodera carotae on carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Dazomet plus solarization had no effect on carrot yield or root infestation.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- combination of soil application of 50 or 100 kg dazomet/ha and soil solarizatione1
- Outcome
- carrot yield and root infestatione0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment had no effect on carrot yield and root infestation”
e1“combination of soil application of 50 or 100 kg dazomet/ha and soil solarization”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarization with 1,3 D increased survival of onion plants under D. dipsaci infestation.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepae0 - Treatment
- combination of soil solarization with 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/hae0
- Interactor
- Ditylenchus dipsaci
.jpg?width=60)
Ditylenchus dipsacie0pathogen - Outcome
- onion plants survived Ditylenchus dipsaci infestatione0
- Direction
- Moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“More onion plants survived Ditylenchus dipsaci infestation and larger marketable yields of onions were obtained with a combination of soil solarization with 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarization with 1,3 D increased marketable onion yield.
- Taxon
- onionsAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- combination of soil solarization with 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/hae0
- Interactor
- Ditylenchus dipsaciDitylenchus dipsacie0pathogen
- Outcome
- marketable yields of onionse0
- Direction
- largere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More onion plants survived Ditylenchus dipsaci infestation and larger marketable yields of onions were obtained with a combination of soil solarization with 25 or 50 1 1,3 D/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Most listed solarization and nematicide treatments increased onion yield.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- both solarization periods and all rates of dazomet, alone or in combination, fenamiphos at 10 kg/ha and 1,3 D at 250 l/hae0
- Outcome
- onion yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both solarization periods and all rates of dazomet, alone or in combination, fenamiphos at 10 kg/ha and 1,3 D at 250 l/ha suppressed nematode infestation and increased onion yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw incorporation reduced onion nematode infestation.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- Soil incorporation of 5 and 10 t wheat strawha, or 5 t straw/ha followed by eight week solarizatione0
- Outcome
- nematode infestatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil incorporation of 5 and 10 t wheat strawha, or 5 t straw/ha followed by eight week solarization, also reduced nematode infestation and increased onion yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw incorporation increased onion yield.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- Soil incorporation of 5 and 10 t wheat strawha, or 5 t straw/ha followed by eight week solarizatione0
- Outcome
- onion yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil incorporation of 5 and 10 t wheat strawha, or 5 t straw/ha followed by eight week solarization, also reduced nematode infestation and increased onion yield”
The same questions in other papers
Triticum aestivum · yield · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Triticum aestivum · pest · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
dazomet · yield · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
fenamiphos · yield · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
solarization · yield · Daucus carota (carrot)Results differ
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →solarization · Heterodera carotae · Daucus carota (carrot)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
application · pest · Daucus carota (carrot)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
solarization · pest · Daucus carota (carrot)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.