Abstract
The work was conducted in zagazig district, Sharkia governorate on potato plants (Kara variety) during summer plantation in 2014 and 2015 seasons. The present work aimed to study the impact of water dilution type (Nile and ground water) on physico-chemical properties, residual effect and bio- efficacy of insecticides against potato tuber worm Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller).The results showed that effect of Nile water on emulsion stability, wherever Roxy diluted with Nile water gave cream layer 2 ml equal acceptable limits while with ground water gave cream layer 5 ml above limits. On the other hand, Malathate with two water types not gave any separation and creaming layer. The addition of Nile water increased surface tension in case of spray solution of Malathate, Runner, Roxy, Tracer, Penny and Proklame compared with ground water. Also, addition Nile and ground water to different insecticides increased foam volume with Proklame and Roxy amounted 53 and 49 cm and 8 , 17 cm , respectively, while other treatments gave lowest foam volume. The PH values lie between very acidic in case of Roxy with N. water and G water (2.3 and 2.5) respectively and Malathate (3.9 with N water and 5.5 with G water). On the other hand , Runner and Penny recorded PH value ranged between 7.1 to 8.0 but Proclame and Tracer recorded slightly basic (8.9 , 8.7) and (8.1, 8.1) with Nile water and ground water, respectively compared with Nile water and ground water alone without insecticides 7.4 and 8.0. The suspensibility percentage, viscosity increasing with ground water compared with Nile water but density increasing with Nile water than ground water. Concerning the efficacy of the tested insecticides in controlling P. operculella larvae differed significantly . Concerning effect of Nile and ground water on efficiency of insecticides on corrected mortality % on P. opercullela larvae after two application. The results illustrated that corrected mortality percentage in treatments sprayed with pesticides mixed with nile water was higher (about two fold) than pesticides mixed with ground water in the two seasons, where proklame, Tracer, Pinny, Roxy proved to be the most effective materials. This reduction due to the high decrease of surface tension in ground water than Nile water. Also foam was high for proklame with Nile water and ground water represented by 53 cm and 49 cm respectively. In addition suspensibility percentage increased in Nile water than ground water, PH affected when addition Nile and ground water. The obtained data concluded to preferred use Nile water in binary mixture with tested insecticides only and prevent use ground water.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Roxy diluted with Nile water yielded a 2 ml cream layer.
- Taxon
- potato plants
Solanum tuberosume1 - Material
- Kara varietye1
- Treatment
- Roxy diluted with Nile watere0
- Outcome
- cream layere0
- Value
- 2 mle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Roxy diluted with Nile water gave cream layer 2 ml equal acceptable limits”
e1“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Roxy diluted with ground water yielded a 5 ml cream layer above acceptable limits.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume2
- Material
- Kara varietye2
- Treatment
- ground watere0
- Outcome
- cream layere0
- Value
- 5 mle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with ground water gave cream layer 5 ml above limits”
e1“Roxy diluted with Nile water”
e2“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathate had no separation or creaming layer with either water type.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Malathatee0
- Outcome
- not gave any separation and creaming layere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malathate with two water types not gave any separation and creaming layer”
e1“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nile water increased surface tension for six listed spray solutions relative to ground water.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Nile watere0
- Outcome
- surface tensione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- ground watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of Nile water increased surface tension in case of spray solution of Malathate, Runner, Roxy, Tracer, Penny and Proklame compared with ground water”
e1“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Proklame foam volume was 53 cm with Nile water and 49 cm with ground water.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- proklamee0
- Outcome
- foame0
- Value
- 53 cm and 49 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foam was high for proklame with Nile water and ground water represented by 53 cm and 49 cm respectively”
e1“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Roxy spray pH was 2.3 with Nile water and 2.5 with ground water.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- Roxye0
- Outcome
- PH valuese1
- Value
- 2.3 and 2.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Roxy with N. water and G water (2.3 and 2.5) respectively”
e1“The PH values lie between very acidic”
e2“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathate spray pH was 3.9 with Nile water and 5.5 with ground water.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- Malathatee0
- Outcome
- PH valuese1
- Value
- 3.9 with N water and 5.5 with G watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malathate (3.9 with N water and 5.5 with G water)”
e1“PH values”
e2“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Runner and Penny spray pH ranged from 7.1 to 8.0.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Runner and Pennye0
- Outcome
- PH valuee0
- Value
- 7.1 to 8.0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Runner and Penny recorded PH value ranged between 7.1 to 8.0”
e1“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Proclame spray pH was 8.9 with Nile water and 8.7 with ground water.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Proclamee0
- Outcome
- slightly basice0
- Value
- 8.9 , 8.7e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Proclame and Tracer recorded slightly basic (8.9 , 8.7) and (8.1, 8.1) with Nile water and ground water, respectively”
e1“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tracer spray pH was 8.1 with both water types.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Tracere0
- Outcome
- slightly basice0
- Value
- 8.1, 8.1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Proclame and Tracer recorded slightly basic (8.9 , 8.7) and (8.1, 8.1) with Nile water and ground water, respectively”
e1“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ground water increased suspensibility and viscosity compared with Nile water.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- ground watere0
- Outcome
- suspensibility percentage, viscositye0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- Nile watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The suspensibility percentage, viscosity increasing with ground water compared with Nile water”
e1“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nile water increased spray density compared with ground water.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Nile watere0
- Outcome
- densitye0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- ground watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“density increasing with Nile water than ground water”
e1“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested insecticides differed significantly in efficacy against potato tuber worm larvae.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume1
- Interactor
- P. operculella
Phthorimaea operculellae0pest - Outcome
- efficacy of the tested insecticides in controlling P. operculella larvaee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“efficacy of the tested insecticides in controlling P. operculella larvae differed significantly”
e1“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Insecticide mixtures with Nile water produced about twice the corrected larval mortality of ground-water mixtures.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- pesticides mixed with nile watere0
- Interactor
- Phthorimaea operculellaPhthorimaea operculellae1pest
- Outcome
- corrected mortality percentagee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- about two folde0
- Comparator
- pesticides mixed with ground watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corrected mortality percentage in treatments sprayed with pesticides mixed with nile water was higher (about two fold) than pesticides mixed with ground water in the two seasons”
e1“potato tuber worm Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller)”
e2“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
Proklame, Tracer, Pinny and Roxy were the most effective materials against potato tuber worm larvae.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume2
- Interactor
- Phthorimaea operculellaPhthorimaea operculellae1pest
- Outcome
- most effective materialse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“proklame, Tracer, Pinny, Roxy proved to be the most effective materials”
e1“potato tuber worm Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller)”
e2“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed reduced efficacy with ground water to its lower surface tension.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume2
- Interactor
- Phthorimaea operculellaPhthorimaea operculellae1pest
- Outcome
- This reductione0
- Qualifier
- high decrease of surface tension in ground water than Nile watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This reduction due to the high decrease of surface tension in ground water than Nile water”
e1“potato tuber worm Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller)”
e2“potato plants (Kara variety)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Nile water for mixtures with the tested insecticides.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosume1
- Outcome
- preferred use Nile water in binary mixture with tested insecticides only and prevent use ground watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preferred use Nile water in binary mixture with tested insecticides only and prevent use ground water”
e1“potato plants (Kara variety)”
The same questions in other papers
insecticide · Phthorimaea operculella · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.