Abstract
Yield reductions occur when corn (Zea mays L.) is continuously grown compared to when it is rotated with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]; primarily due to soil nitrogen availability, corn residue accumulation, and the weather. This study was conducted to determine if a combination of agronomic practices could help overcome these causative factors of the continuous corn yield penalty (CCYP) to obtain increased corn yields. Field experiments conducted during 2014 and 2015 at Champaign, IL, U.S.A. assessed the yield penalty associated with continuous corn verses long-term corn following soybean. Agronomic management was assessed at a standard level receiving only a base rate of nitrogen fertilizer, and compared to an intensive level, which consisted of additional N, P, K, S, Zn, and B fertility at planting, sidedressed nitrogen fertilizer, and a foliar fungicide application. Two levels of plant population (79,000 verses 111,000 plants ha−1) and eight different commercially-available hybrids were evaluated each year. Across all treatments, the CCYP was 1.53 and 2.72 Mg ha−1 in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Intensive agronomic management improved grain yield across rotations (2.17 Mg ha−1 in 2014 and 2.28 Mg ha−1 in 2015), and there was a 40 to 60% greater yield response to intensive management in continuous corn verses the corn-soybean rotation, suggesting intensified management as a method to mitigate the CCYP. With select hybrids, intensive management reduced the CCYP by 30 to 80%. Agronomic management and hybrid selection helped alleviate the CCYP demonstrating continuous corn can be managed for better productivity.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous corn had a 1.53 Mg ha−1 yield penalty in 2014.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Outcome
- CCYPe0
- Value
- 1.53 and 2.72 Mg ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- 2014e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Across all treatments, the CCYP was 1.53 and 2.72 Mg ha−1 in 2014 and 2015, respectively.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous corn had a 2.72 Mg ha−1 yield penalty in 2015.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- CCYPe0
- Value
- 2.72 Mg ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- 2015e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Across all treatments, the CCYP was 1.53 and 2.72 Mg ha−1 in 2014 and 2015, respectively.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Intensive management raised grain yield across rotations by 2.17 Mg ha−1 in 2014.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Intensive agronomic managemente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 2.17 Mg ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- 2014e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intensive agronomic management improved grain yield across rotations (2.17 Mg ha−1 in 2014 and 2.28 Mg ha−1 in 2015)”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Intensive management raised grain yield across rotations by 2.28 Mg ha−1 in 2015.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Intensive agronomic managemente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 2.28 Mg ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- 2015e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intensive agronomic management improved grain yield across rotations (2.17 Mg ha−1 in 2014 and 2.28 Mg ha−1 in 2015)”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous corn had a 40 to 60% greater yield response to intensive management than corn after soybean.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- intensive managemente0
- Outcome
- yield responsee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 40 to 60%e0
- Comparator
- corn-soybean rotatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“40 to 60% greater yield response to intensive management in continuous corn verses the corn-soybean rotation”
Claim · model-written summary
For selected hybrids, intensive management reduced the continuous corn yield penalty by 30 to 80%.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- select hybridse0
- Treatment
- intensive managemente0
- Outcome
- CCYPe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 30 to 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With select hybrids, intensive management reduced the CCYP by 30 to 80%.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that management and hybrid selection can improve continuous corn productivity.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- continuous corn can be managed for better productivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Agronomic management and hybrid selection helped alleviate the CCYP demonstrating continuous corn can be managed for better productivity.”