Abstract
The secondary presentation of pollen consists of a foral mechanism where the presentation of pollen occurs in other foral structures in addition to the anther, in order to increase the precision of the dispersion of the pollen by the vectors. This study aims to describe the temporal dynamics of secondary pollen presentation, and morphological and morphometric characteristics in stages of pre- anthesis and anthesis in genotypes of fve natural Heliconia psittacorum populations. For the study of foral morphometry traits of length of the fower, stamen, stigma and height of flament insertion in the petal in bud and fower were measured. The foral morphology of pre-anthesis buds and fowers in anthesis, the presence or absence of characteristics such as herkogamy, region of flament insertion in the petal, region of stylar hairs, and of secondary pollen deposition were evaluated. Treatments of controlled pollinations, self-pollination, geitonogamy, cross-pollination, natural pollination and growth to pollen tube were sampled. Floral herkogamy and pollen transfer to the adhered hairs in the stylar region were clearly observed during anthesis, constituting the frst record of occurrence of secondary pollen presentation in Heliconiaceae. Pollen tube growth was inhibited in the stigmatic, style and basal regions of the pistil. Natural fruiting produced little or no fruit. The positioning of the stamens above the stigma, pollen viability and stigma receptivity during anthesis of H. psittacorum fowers may favor self-pollination. The stylar hairs observed in all H. psittacorum populations’ help in the retention of pollen grains. The low fruiting rate in controlled and natural pollinations suggest that the main propagation form of H. psittacorum in the study areas is based on asexual reproduction.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Herkogamy and pollen transfer to stylar hairs occur during anthesis, the first record of secondary pollen presentation in Heliconiaceae.
- Taxon
- HeliconiaceaeHeliconiaceaee0
- Organ / stage
- anthesise0
- Outcome
- secondary pollen presentatione0
Verbatim
e0“Floral herkogamy and pollen transfer to the adhered hairs in the stylar region were clearly observed during anthesis, constituting the frst record of occurrence of secondary pollen presentation in Heliconiaceae.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pollen tube growth was inhibited in the pistil.
- Taxon
- Heliconia psittacorum
_Heliconia_psittacorum_di_area_parkir_hotel_citradream_Cirebon_2019_0.jpg?width=60)
Heliconia psittacorumt0 - Outcome
- Pollen tube growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Heliconia_psittacorum_di_area_parkir_hotel_citradream_Cirebon_2019_0.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Pollen tube growth was inhibited in the stigmatic, style and basal regions of the pistil.”
t0“Heliconia psittacorum”
Claim · model-written summary
Natural pollination produced little or no fruit.
- Taxon
- Heliconia psittacorumHeliconia psittacorumt0
- Outcome
- Natural fruitinge0
- Direction
- little or no fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Natural fruiting produced little or no fruit.”
t0“Heliconia psittacorum”
Claim · model-written summary
Stamen position, pollen viability and stigma receptivity may favor self-pollination.
- Taxon
- H. psittacorumHeliconia psittacorume0
- Outcome
- self-pollinatione0
- Qualifier
- positioning of the stamens above the stigma, pollen viability and stigma receptivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The positioning of the stamens above the stigma, pollen viability and stigma receptivity during anthesis of H. psittacorum fowers may favor self-pollination.”
Claim · model-written summary
Stylar hairs in all studied populations help retain pollen grains.
- Taxon
- H. psittacorumHeliconia psittacorume0
- Organ / stage
- stylar hairse0
- Outcome
- retention of pollen grainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The stylar hairs observed in all H. psittacorum populations’ help in the retention of pollen grains.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low fruiting under controlled and natural pollination suggests asexual reproduction is the main propagation form in the study areas.
- Taxon
- H. psittacorumHeliconia psittacorume0
- Outcome
- main propagation forme0
- Qualifier
- asexual reproductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The low fruiting rate in controlled and natural pollinations suggest that the main propagation form of H. psittacorum in the study areas is based on asexual reproduction.”