Abstract
Abstract BACKGROUND The lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), is an important pest of stored grains worldwide. Chemical control is the main method used to manage this pest, but the continuous use of insecticides can lead to the selection of resistant R. dominica strains. Thus, there is a constant demand for the development of new insecticide molecules. This study describes the synthesis of 14 chiral amides and evaluation of their insecticidal activity against R. dominica . Their phytotoxicity to wheat ( Triticum sativum ) seeds is also evaluated. RESULTS In the screening assay, compounds 8i and 8j caused 100% and 87% mortality of R. dominica . These values did not differ from the mortality caused by Bifenthrin® (75%). Amide 8i presented similar toxicity (LD 50 = 27.98 µmol g −1 , CI 95 = 25.14–30.71) and speed of action (LT 50 = 22 h, CI 95 = 19.34–24.66) to amide 8j (LD 50 = 29.37 µmol g −1 , CI 95 = 27.43–31.09, and LT 50 = 19 h, CI 95 = 17.05–20.95) against the pest. Both amides inhibited less than 44% of wheat growth. CONCLUSION Among the tested amides, only 8i and 8j were effective in R. dominica control and presented no considerable phytotoxicity towards wheat seeds. Therefore, these amides are promising as insecticides for the management of R. dominica . © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Amide 8i caused 100% Rhyzopertha mortality.
- Treatment
- 8ie0
- Interactor
- R. dominica
Rhyzopertha dominicae0pest - Outcome
- mortality of R. dominicae0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compounds 8i and 8j caused 100% and 87% mortality of R. dominica”
Claim · model-written summary
Amide 8j caused 87% Rhyzopertha mortality.
- Treatment
- 8je0
- Interactor
- R. dominicaRhyzopertha dominicae0pest
- Outcome
- mortality of R. dominicae0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 87%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compounds 8i and 8j caused 100% and 87% mortality of R. dominica”
Claim · model-written summary
Amide mortality did not differ from bifenthrin mortality of 75%.
Not reportedTaxonTreatment
Verbatim
e0“These values did not differ from the mortality caused by Bifenthrin® (75%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Amide 8i had LD50 of 27.98 µmol g −1 against the pest.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Amide 8i presented similar toxicity (LD 50 = 27.98 µmol g −1 , CI 95 = 25.14–30.71)”
Claim · model-written summary
Amide 8j had LD50 of 29.37 µmol g −1 against the pest.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“amide 8j (LD 50 = 29.37 µmol g −1 , CI 95 = 27.43–31.09”
Claim · model-written summary
Amide 8i acted with LT50 of 22 h.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“speed of action (LT 50 = 22 h, CI 95 = 19.34–24.66)”
Claim · model-written summary
Amide 8j acted with LT50 of 19 h.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“LT 50 = 19 h, CI 95 = 17.05–20.95”
Claim · model-written summary
Amide 8i inhibited less than 44% of wheat growth.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- amidese0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- less than 44%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both amides inhibited less than 44% of wheat growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Amide 8j inhibited less than 44% of wheat growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- amidese0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- less than 44%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both amides inhibited less than 44% of wheat growth.”