Abstract
The control of Spodoptera frugiperda is based on synthetic insecticides, so some alternatives are the use of entomopathogenic fungi (EF) and neem extract. The objective of the study was to evaluate in vitro effectiveness of native EF and neem extracts on S. frugiperda larvae. Six EF were identified by DNA sequencing of ITS regions from three EF (Fusarium solani, Metarrhizium robertsii, Nigrospora spherica and Penicillium citrinum). They were evaluated in concentrations of 1 × 10⁸ spores/ mL. In addition, a second bioassay was carried out evaluating only F. solani, M. robertsii and N. sphaerica and the addition of vegetable oil. On the other hand, extraction of secondary metabolites from neem seed (Azadirachta indica) was carried out by performing, mass (g) and solvent volume (mL ethanol and water) combinations, which were subjected to microwaves and ultrasound. Subsequently, these extracts were evaluated in concentrations of 3%, 4% and 5%. A survival analysis was performed for each of the bioassays. With respect to the results of the first bioassay, F. solani obtained a probability of survival of 0.476 on the seventh day, while in the second bioassay, M. robertsii obtained 0.488 survival probability. This suggests that the expected percentage of larvae that stay alive on the sixth day is 48.8%. However, in the evaluation of the neem extract the combination 1:12/70% to 4% caused 84% mortality of larvae. The use of native HE and neem extracts has potential for the control of S. frugiperda.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium solani gave a larval survival probability of 0.476 on the seventh day.
- Taxon
- Azadirachta indica
.jpg?width=60)
Azadirachta indicae0 - Treatment
- F. solanie1
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperda
.jpg?width=60)
Spodoptera frugiperdat0pest - Second interactor
- F. solani
_Sacc._5393379.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium solanie1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- probability of survivale1
- Value
- 0.476e1
- Qualifier
- on the seventh daye1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
.jpg?width=500)
_Sacc._5393379.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“on Spodoptera frugiperda”
e0“neem seed (Azadirachta indica)”
e1“F. solani obtained a probability of survival of 0.476 on the seventh day”
Claim · model-written summary
Metarrhizium robertsii gave a larval survival probability of 0.488 in the second bioassay.
- Taxon
- Azadirachta indicaAzadirachta indicae0
- Treatment
- M. robertsiie2
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat0pest
- Second interactor
- M. robertsiie2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- survival probabilitye2
- Value
- 0.488e2
- Qualifier
- in the second bioassaye2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Spodoptera frugiperda”
e0“neem seed (Azadirachta indica)”
e2“in the second bioassay, M. robertsii obtained 0.488 survival probability”
Claim · model-written summary
The neem extract combination 1:12/70% to 4% caused 84% mortality of larvae.
- Taxon
- Azadirachta indicaAzadirachta indicae0
- Treatment
- neem extracte3
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat0pest
- Outcome
- mortality of larvaee3
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
- Value
- 84%e3
- Qualifier
- combination 1:12/70% to 4%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“on Spodoptera frugiperda”
e0“neem seed (Azadirachta indica)”
e3“in the evaluation of the neem extract the combination 1:12/70% to 4% caused 84% mortality of larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest native entomopathogenic fungi and neem extracts have potential for controlling Spodoptera frugiperda.
- Taxon
- Azadirachta indicaAzadirachta indicae0
- Treatment
- native HE and neem extractse4
- Interactor
- S. frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdae4pest
- Outcome
- control of S. frugiperdae4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“neem seed (Azadirachta indica)”
e4“The use of native HE and neem extracts has potential for the control of S. frugiperda”
Claim · model-written summary
Six native entomopathogenic fungi were identified by DNA sequencing of ITS regions.
- Taxon
- Azadirachta indicaAzadirachta indicae0
- Outcome
- identified by DNA sequencing of ITS regionse5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“neem seed (Azadirachta indica)”
e5“Six EF were identified by DNA sequencing of ITS regions from three EF (Fusarium solani, Metarrhizium robertsii, Nigrospora spherica and Penicillium citrinum)”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · Spodoptera frugiperda · Azadirachta indica (neem)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.