Abstract
Abstract Nanocarrier (NC)‐mediated drug delivery is widely researched in medicine but to date has not been used in agriculture. The first curative NC‐based treatment of the worldwide occurring grapevine trunk disease Esca, with more than 2 billion infected plants causing a loss yearly of $1.5 billion, is presented. To date, only repetitive spraying of fungicides is used to reduce chances of infection. This long‐term treatment against Esca uses minimal amounts of fungicide encapsulated in biobased and biodegradable lignin NCs. A single trunk injection of <10 mg fungicide results in curing of an infected plant. Only upon Esca infection, ligninolytic enzymes, secreted by the Esca‐associated fungi, degrade the lignin NC to release the fungicide. The specific antifungal activity is confirmed in vitro and in planta (in Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Portugieser’). All treated plants prove to exhibit significantly fewer symptoms several weeks after treatment, and their condition is monitored for 5 years (2014–2018), proving a long‐term curative effect of this NC treatment. This study proves the efficacy of this NC‐mediated drug delivery for agriculture, using a minimum amount of fungicides. It is believed that this concept can be extended to other plant diseases worldwide to reduce extensive spraying of agrochemicals.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
A single injection of under 10 mg fungicide cured an infected grapevine.
- Treatment
- single trunk injection of <10 mg fungicidee0
- Outcome
- curing of an infected plante0
- Value
- <10 mge0
VitisNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grapevine”
e0“A single trunk injection of <10 mg fungicide results in curing of an infected plant.”
Claim · model-written summary
Esca-associated fungal enzymes degraded lignin nanocarriers and released fungicide upon infection.
- Interactor
- Esca‐associated fungie0pathogen
- Gene
- ligninolytic enzymese0
- Outcome
- release the fungicidee0
- Qualifier
- Only upon Esca infectione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grapevine”
e0“Only upon Esca infection, ligninolytic enzymes, secreted by the Esca‐associated fungi, degrade the lignin NC to release the fungicide.”
Claim · model-written summary
Antifungal activity was confirmed in vitro and in grapevine cultivar Portugieser.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.
Vitis viniferae0 - Material
- ‘Portugieser’e0
- Outcome
- specific antifungal activitye0
- Setting
- in vitro and in plantae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The specific antifungal activity is confirmed in vitro and in planta (in Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Portugieser’).”
Claim · model-written summary
Treated grapevines had significantly fewer Esca symptoms several weeks after treatment.
- Treatment
- this NC treatmente0
- Outcome
- symptomse0
- Direction
- fewere0
- Qualifier
- several weeks after treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grapevine”
e0“All treated plants prove to exhibit significantly fewer symptoms several weeks after treatment, and their condition is monitored for 5 years (2014–2018), proving a long‐term curative effect of this NC treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
The monitored treatment was reported to have a long-term curative effect over five years.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grapevine”
e0“All treated plants prove to exhibit significantly fewer symptoms several weeks after treatment, and their condition is monitored for 5 years (2014–2018), proving a long‐term curative effect of this NC treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest extending nanocarrier delivery to other plant diseases to reduce agrochemical spraying.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grapevine”
e0“It is believed that this concept can be extended to other plant diseases worldwide to reduce extensive spraying of agrochemicals.”
The same questions in other papers
application · physiology: photosynthesis · VitisPositive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →fungicide · physiology: photosynthesis · VitisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
nanoparticle · disease · VitisResults agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.