Abstract
SUMMARY Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus) at different times during their growth, and most of the healthy control plants were kept uninfected throughout the season. Leaf symptoms were visible 2–3 weeks after inoculation, and infected plants were checked and grew more slowly than healthy ones. Leaves of infected plants were sometimes scorched by overhead damping with water, and lower leaves died earlier than those of healthy plants. In the 1960 experiment, with a winter‐sown crop, plants inoculated on 3 March, when the first trusses began to flower, suffered a 15% loss in weight of fruit; those inoculated on 14 April, when the fifth trusses began to flower, an 18% loss, and those inoculated on 31 May, when most of the fruits had set, a 14% loss. The two early infections caused 13% fewer fruits to set, but the last one only 3% fewer; however, with successively later infection dates, mean fruit size progressively decreased. Fruit quality was severely affected by later infection, 10% of the fruits from plants infected in April showing necrotic pitting, bronzing or severe mottle, but 31% of those infected on 31 May. Three experiments with spring‐sown plants gave similar results. In the 1961 experiment, plants inoculated on 3 May, when the first trusses began to flower, yielded 21% less weight of fruit than the controls, and those inoculated on 8 June, when the fifth trusses began to flower, 14% less. A tobacco strain of TMV that caused no symptoms in tomato failed to protect plants from later infection with a tomato strain. In the 1962 experiment, seedlings inoculated on 13 March, just after pricking out, yielded 10% less weight of fruit; plants inoculated on 4 April, just after planting out, 3% less; those inoculated on 3 May, when the first trusses began to flower, 11% less; and those inoculated on 7 June, when the fifth trusses began to flower, 16% less. In the 1963 experiment, plants inoculated on 21 May, when the first trusses began to flower, yielded 17% less weight of fruit than the controls, and those inoculated on 20 June, when the fifth trusses began to flower, yielded 23% less; many of the control plants became infected during August in this last experiment. As in the first experiment, losses were largely due to poor setting of fruits at the time the plants became systemically infected with virus, and necrotic pitting and severe bronzing again mainly affected fruits from the late‐infected plants. The plants grew vigorously and were ‘soft’ or lush in all the four experiments.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
TMV-infected tomato plants grew more slowly than healthy plants.
- Taxon
- tomato plants
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- inoculated with TMVe0
- Interactor
- TMV
Tobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen - Outcome
- grew more slowlye1
- Direction
- more slowlye1
- Comparator
- healthy onese1
- Setting
- under glasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“infected plants were checked and grew more slowly than healthy ones”
Claim · model-written summary
TMV-infected tomato leaves were sometimes scorched, and lower leaves died earlier than in healthy plants.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- inoculated with TMVe0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- scorchede1
- Qualifier
- lower leaves died earliere1
- Comparator
- healthy plantse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“Leaves of infected plants were sometimes scorched by overhead damping with water, and lower leaves died earlier than those of healthy plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation on 3 March (1960) reduced fruit weight by 15%.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- inoculated on 3 March, when the first trusses began to flowere1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight of fruite1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 15%e1
- Comparator
- healthy control plantse2
- Setting
- under glasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“plants inoculated on 3 March, when the first trusses began to flower, suffered a 15% loss in weight of fruit; those inoculated on 14 April, when the fifth trusses began to flower, an 18% loss, and those inoculated on 31 May, when most of the fruits had set, a 14% loss”
e2“most of the healthy control plants were kept uninfected throughout the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation on 14 April (1960) reduced fruit weight by 18%.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- inoculated on 14 April, when the fifth trusses began to flowere1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight of fruite1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 18%e1
- Comparator
- healthy control plantse2
- Setting
- under glasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“plants inoculated on 3 March, when the first trusses began to flower, suffered a 15% loss in weight of fruit; those inoculated on 14 April, when the fifth trusses began to flower, an 18% loss, and those inoculated on 31 May, when most of the fruits had set, a 14% loss”
e2“most of the healthy control plants were kept uninfected throughout the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation on 31 May (1960) reduced fruit weight by 14%.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- inoculated on 31 May, when most of the fruits had sete1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight of fruite1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 14%e1
- Comparator
- healthy control plantse2
- Setting
- under glasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“plants inoculated on 3 March, when the first trusses began to flower, suffered a 15% loss in weight of fruit; those inoculated on 14 April, when the fifth trusses began to flower, an 18% loss, and those inoculated on 31 May, when most of the fruits had set, a 14% loss”
e2“most of the healthy control plants were kept uninfected throughout the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Infection by the two early inoculations caused 13% fewer fruits to set.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- two early infectionse1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- fruits to sete1
- Direction
- fewere1
- Value
- 13%e1
- Comparator
- healthy control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“The two early infections caused 13% fewer fruits to set, but the last one only 3% fewer”
e2“most of the healthy control plants were kept uninfected throughout the season”
Claim · model-written summary
The last, later infection caused only 3% fewer fruits to set.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- last onee1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- fruits to sete1
- Direction
- fewere1
- Value
- 3%e1
- Comparator
- healthy control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“The two early infections caused 13% fewer fruits to set, but the last one only 3% fewer”
e2“most of the healthy control plants were kept uninfected throughout the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean fruit size decreased progressively with successively later infection dates.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- successively later infection datese1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- mean fruit sizee1
- Direction
- progressively decreasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“with successively later infection dates, mean fruit size progressively decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1961, inoculation on 3 May reduced fruit weight by 21% compared with controls.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- inoculated on 3 May, when the first trusses began to flowere1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight of fruite1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- 21%e1
- Comparator
- the controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“In the 1961 experiment, plants inoculated on 3 May, when the first trusses began to flower, yielded 21% less weight of fruit than the controls, and those inoculated on 8 June, when the fifth trusses began to flower, 14% less”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1961, inoculation on 8 June reduced fruit weight by 14% compared with controls.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- those inoculated on 8 June, when the fifth trusses began to flowere1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight of fruite1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- 14%e1
- Comparator
- the controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“In the 1961 experiment, plants inoculated on 3 May, when the first trusses began to flower, yielded 21% less weight of fruit than the controls, and those inoculated on 8 June, when the fifth trusses began to flower, 14% less”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1962, inoculation on 13 March reduced fruit weight by 10%.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- seedlings inoculated on 13 March, just after pricking oute1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight of fruite1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- 10%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“In the 1962 experiment, seedlings inoculated on 13 March, just after pricking out, yielded 10% less weight of fruit; plants inoculated on 4 April, just after planting out, 3% less; those inoculated on 3 May, when the first trusses began to flower, 11% less; and those inoculated on 7 June, when the fifth trusses began to flower, 16% less”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1962, inoculation on 4 April reduced fruit weight by 3%.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- plants inoculated on 4 April, just after planting oute1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight of fruite1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- 3%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“In the 1962 experiment, seedlings inoculated on 13 March, just after pricking out, yielded 10% less weight of fruit; plants inoculated on 4 April, just after planting out, 3% less; those inoculated on 3 May, when the first trusses began to flower, 11% less; and those inoculated on 7 June, when the fifth trusses began to flower, 16% less”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1962, inoculation on 3 May reduced fruit weight by 11%.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- those inoculated on 3 May, when the first trusses began to flowere1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight of fruite1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- 11%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“In the 1962 experiment, seedlings inoculated on 13 March, just after pricking out, yielded 10% less weight of fruit; plants inoculated on 4 April, just after planting out, 3% less; those inoculated on 3 May, when the first trusses began to flower, 11% less; and those inoculated on 7 June, when the fifth trusses began to flower, 16% less”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1962, inoculation on 7 June reduced fruit weight by 16%.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- those inoculated on 7 June, when the fifth trusses began to flowere1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight of fruite1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- 16%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“In the 1962 experiment, seedlings inoculated on 13 March, just after pricking out, yielded 10% less weight of fruit; plants inoculated on 4 April, just after planting out, 3% less; those inoculated on 3 May, when the first trusses began to flower, 11% less; and those inoculated on 7 June, when the fifth trusses began to flower, 16% less”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1963, inoculation on 21 May reduced fruit weight by 17% compared with controls.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- inoculated on 21 May, when the first trusses began to flowere1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight of fruite1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- 17%e1
- Comparator
- the controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“In the 1963 experiment, plants inoculated on 21 May, when the first trusses began to flower, yielded 17% less weight of fruit than the controls, and those inoculated on 20 June, when the fifth trusses began to flower, yielded 23% less”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1963, inoculation on 20 June reduced fruit weight by 23% compared with controls.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- those inoculated on 20 June, when the fifth trusses began to flowere1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- weight of fruite1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- 23%e1
- Comparator
- the controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“In the 1963 experiment, plants inoculated on 21 May, when the first trusses began to flower, yielded 17% less weight of fruit than the controls, and those inoculated on 20 June, when the fifth trusses began to flower, yielded 23% less”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruits from plants infected in April showed necrotic pitting, bronzing or severe mottle in 10% of cases.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- plants infected in Aprile1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- necrotic pitting, bronzing or severe mottlee1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 10%e1
- Comparator
- healthy control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“Fruit quality was severely affected by later infection, 10% of the fruits from plants infected in April showing necrotic pitting, bronzing or severe mottle, but 31% of those infected on 31 May”
e2“most of the healthy control plants were kept uninfected throughout the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruits from plants infected on 31 May showed necrotic pitting, bronzing or severe mottle in 31% of cases.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- those infected on 31 Maye1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- necrotic pitting, bronzing or severe mottlee1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 31%e1
- Comparator
- healthy control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“Fruit quality was severely affected by later infection, 10% of the fruits from plants infected in April showing necrotic pitting, bronzing or severe mottle, but 31% of those infected on 31 May”
e2“most of the healthy control plants were kept uninfected throughout the season”
Claim · model-written summary
A tobacco strain of TMV that caused no symptoms in tomato did not protect plants from later infection with a tomato strain.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- tobacco strain of TMVe0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- protect plants from later infectione0
- Direction
- failede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A tobacco strain of TMV that caused no symptoms in tomato failed to protect plants from later infection with a tomato strain”
Claim · model-written summary
Losses in tomato were largely due to poor fruit setting when plants became systemically infected with virus.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- systemically infected with viruse1
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- lossese1
- Qualifier
- poor setting of fruitse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four experiments were done under glass in which tomato plants were inoculated with TMV (tomato strains of tobacco mosaic virus)”
e1“As in the first experiment, losses were largely due to poor setting of fruits at the time the plants became systemically infected with virus”
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