Abstract
Salinity-alkalinity stress has caused severe environment problems that negatively impact the growth and development of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.). In this study, watermelon seedlings were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae to investigate its effect on watermelon growth and development. The main measurements included morphological traits, elemental and water uptake, the level of reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzyme and photosynthesis activities, and relative expression levels of stress response genes. Under salinity-alkalinity stresses, watermelon morphological traits, elemental and water uptake were all significantly alleviated after incubation with AMF. Antioxidant abilities of watermelon were significantly improved after incubation with AMF in salinity-alkalinity stresses. Under normal conditions, all photosynthesis related parameters were significantly increased after incubation of AMF. In contrast, they were all significantly reduced under salinity-alkalinity stresses and were all significantly alleviated after incubation of AMF. Salinity-alkalinity stresses impacted the chloroplast structure and AMF significantly alleviated these damages. Under salinity-alkalinity stresses, the relative expression level of RBCL was significantly reduced and was significantly alleviated after AMF treatment. The relative expression level of PPH was significantly increased and was further significantly reduced after AMF treatment. For the relative expression levels of antioxidant response related genes Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, APX, GR, their relative expression levels were significantly increased and were further significantly increased after AMF treatment. Our study demonstrated the beneficial effects of AMF under salinity-alkalinity stresses, which could be implicated in the management of watermelon cultivation under salinity-alkalinity regions.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation alleviated morphological impairment under salinity-alkalinity stress.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatuse0 - Treatment
- incubation with AMFe0
- Interactor
- Funneliformis mosseae
Funneliformis mosseaee1symbiont - Outcome
- morphological traitse0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
- Qualifier
- Under salinity-alkalinity stressese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“watermelon morphological traits, elemental and water uptake were all significantly alleviated after incubation with AMF”
e1“watermelon seedlings were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae”
e2“Under salinity-alkalinity stresses, watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation alleviated elemental and water uptake impairment under stress.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Treatment
- incubation with AMFe0
- Interactor
- Funneliformis mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- elemental and water uptakee0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
- Qualifier
- Under salinity-alkalinity stressese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“watermelon morphological traits, elemental and water uptake were all significantly alleviated after incubation with AMF”
e1“watermelon seedlings were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae”
e2“Under salinity-alkalinity stresses, watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF improved antioxidant abilities under salinity-alkalinity stress.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Treatment
- incubation with AMFe0
- Interactor
- Funneliformis mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- Antioxidant abilitiese0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- salinity-alkalinity stressese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant abilities of watermelon were significantly improved after incubation with AMF in salinity-alkalinity stresses”
e1“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF increased all photosynthesis parameters under normal conditions.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- incubation of AMFe0
- Interactor
- Funneliformis mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- photosynthesis related parameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- Under normal conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under normal conditions, all photosynthesis related parameters were significantly increased after incubation of AMF”
e1“watermelon seedlings were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity-alkalinity stress reduced photosynthesis parameters.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse2
- Treatment
- salinity-alkalinity stressese0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis related parameterse1
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they were all significantly reduced under salinity-alkalinity stresses”
e1“all photosynthesis related parameters”
e2“watermelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF alleviated the stress-related loss of photosynthesis parameters.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse2
- Treatment
- incubation of AMFe0
- Interactor
- Funneliformis mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee2symbiont
- Outcome
- photosynthesis related parameterse1
- Direction
- alleviatede0
- Qualifier
- salinity-alkalinity stressese3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were all significantly alleviated after incubation of AMF”
e1“all photosynthesis related parameters”
e2“watermelon seedlings were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae”
e3“reduced under salinity-alkalinity stresses and were all significantly alleviated”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity-alkalinity stress damaged chloroplast structure.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- Salinity-alkalinity stressese0
- Outcome
- chloroplast structuree0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity-alkalinity stresses impacted the chloroplast structure”
e1“watermelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF alleviated stress-related chloroplast damage.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- AMFe0
- Interactor
- Funneliformis mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- chloroplast structuree0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity-alkalinity stresses impacted the chloroplast structure and AMF significantly alleviated these damages”
e1“watermelon seedlings were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress reduced RBCL expression.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- salinity-alkalinity stressese0
- Gene
- RBCLe0
- Outcome
- relative expression level of RBCLe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under salinity-alkalinity stresses, the relative expression level of RBCL was significantly reduced”
e1“watermelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF alleviated the stress-related reduction of RBCL expression.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- AMF treatmente0
- Interactor
- Funneliformis mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Gene
- RBCLe0
- Outcome
- relative expression level of RBCLe0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the relative expression level of RBCL was significantly reduced and was significantly alleviated after AMF treatment”
e1“watermelon seedlings were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress increased PPH expression.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse2
- Treatment
- salinity-alkalinity stressese1
- Gene
- PPHe0
- Outcome
- relative expression level of PPHe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The relative expression level of PPH was significantly increased”
e1“Under salinity-alkalinity stresses, the relative expression level of RBCL”
e2“watermelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF reduced PPH expression after stress.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- AMF treatmente0
- Interactor
- Funneliformis mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Gene
- PPHe0
- Outcome
- relative expression level of PPHe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The relative expression level of PPH was significantly increased and was further significantly reduced after AMF treatment”
e1“watermelon seedlings were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress increased expression of Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, APX and GR.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse2
- Treatment
- salinity-alkalinity stressese1
- Gene
- Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, APX, GRe0
- Outcome
- relative expression levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“antioxidant response related genes Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, APX, GR, their relative expression levels were significantly increased”
e1“Under salinity-alkalinity stresses, the relative expression level of RBCL”
e2“watermelon seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF further increased expression of Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, APX and GR under stress.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- AMF treatmente0
- Interactor
- Funneliformis mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Gene
- Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, APX, GRe0
- Outcome
- relative expression levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“antioxidant response related genes Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, APX, GR, their relative expression levels were significantly increased and were further significantly increased after AMF treatment”
e1“watermelon seedlings were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose AMF for watermelon cultivation in saline-alkaline regions.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Interactor
- Funneliformis mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- management of watermelon cultivation under salinity-alkalinity regionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“beneficial effects of AMF under salinity-alkalinity stresses, which could be implicated in the management of watermelon cultivation under salinity-alkalinity regions”
e1“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · molecular: expression · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
salinity · physiology: photosynthesis · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.