Abstract
Effects of cover crops on soil physical and chemical properties and yield of the following cash-crops were evaluated in an organic system in a high tunnel. The sequence of crops in the two-year study was: vetch or vetch-rye followed by zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) and then lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) in 2016 and celery (Apium graveolens L.) in 2017. In the plots with cover crops, two mulches (black and transparent polyethylene (PE) film) were used to cover the soil at the end of the first season during the winter period. The differences in the biomass between vetch grown on its own and the vetch-rye mixture were not significant, but the total amount of N accumulated in the biomass of the vetch (252 kg N ha−1) was greater than that of the vetch-rye mixture (174 kg N ha−1). The use of cover crops improved soil properties in the first season (2016), including water stable aggregate index and soil organic matter. In the second season (2017), the use of cover crops combined with PE mulching had a beneficial effect on soil the pH, the water-stable aggregate index, and the availability of Ca, Mg, B and Fe. Covering the soil with black PE mulch during the winter (in both the vetch and the vetch-rye treatments), increased celery yield, compared with the transparent PE mulch and the untreated soil. The use of black PE mulch in the vetch treatment and transparent PE mulch in the vetch-rye treatment reduced soil organic carbon.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The biomass of vetch grown alone and of the vetch-rye mixture did not differ significantly.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“The differences in the biomass between vetch grown on its own and the vetch-rye mixture were not significant”
Claim · model-written summary
Vetch accumulated more total N in its biomass (252 kg N ha−1) than the vetch-rye mixture (174 kg N ha−1).
Verbatim
e2“the total amount of N accumulated in the biomass of the vetch (252 kg N ha−1) was greater than that of the vetch-rye mixture (174 kg N ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops improved soil water-stable aggregate index and soil organic matter in the first season (2016).
- Taxon
- hairy vetch
Vicia villosat0 - Treatment
- use of cover cropse3
- Outcome
- water stable aggregate index and soil organic mattere3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Qualifier
- first season (2016)e3
- Setting
- high tunnele0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.)”
e0“Effects of cover crops on soil physical and chemical properties and yield of the following cash-crops were evaluated in an organic system in a high tunnel”
e3“The use of cover crops improved soil properties in the first season (2016), including water stable aggregate index and soil organic matter”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops combined with PE mulching had a beneficial effect on soil pH and the water-stable aggregate index in the second season (2017).
- Taxon
- hairy vetchVicia villosat0
- Treatment
- use of cover crops combined with PE mulchinge4
- Outcome
- pH, the water-stable aggregate indexe4
- Qualifier
- second season (2017)e4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.)”
e4“In the second season (2017), the use of cover crops combined with PE mulching had a beneficial effect on soil the pH, the water-stable aggregate index, and the availability of Ca, Mg, B and Fe”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops combined with PE mulching had a beneficial effect on the availability of Ca, Mg, B and Fe in the second season (2017).
- Taxon
- hairy vetchVicia villosat0
- Treatment
- use of cover crops combined with PE mulchinge4
- Outcome
- availability of Ca, Mg, B and Fee4
- Qualifier
- second season (2017)e4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.)”
e4“In the second season (2017), the use of cover crops combined with PE mulching had a beneficial effect on soil the pH, the water-stable aggregate index, and the availability of Ca, Mg, B and Fe”
Claim · model-written summary
Black PE mulch over winter increased celery yield compared with transparent PE mulch and untreated soil.
- Taxon
- celery
%2C_Elswick%2C_Northumberland_4.jpg?width=60)
Apium graveolens Dulce Groupe5 - Treatment
- Covering the soil with black PE mulch during the wintere5
- Outcome
- celery yielde5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- transparent PE mulch and the untreated soile5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
%2C_Elswick%2C_Northumberland_4.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e5“Covering the soil with black PE mulch during the winter (in both the vetch and the vetch-rye treatments), increased celery yield, compared with the transparent PE mulch and the untreated soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Black PE mulch in the vetch treatment reduced soil organic carbon.
- Taxon
- vetche6
- Treatment
- black PE mulch in the vetch treatmente6
- Outcome
- soil organic carbone6
- Direction
- reducede6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e6“The use of black PE mulch in the vetch treatment and transparent PE mulch in the vetch-rye treatment reduced soil organic carbon”
Claim · model-written summary
Transparent PE mulch in the vetch-rye treatment reduced soil organic carbon.
- Taxon
- vetch-ryee6
- Treatment
- transparent PE mulch in the vetch-rye treatmente6
- Outcome
- soil organic carbone6
- Direction
- reducede6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e6“The use of black PE mulch in the vetch treatment and transparent PE mulch in the vetch-rye treatment reduced soil organic carbon”
The same questions in other papers
mulching · nutrient: content · Vicia villosa (hairy vetch)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
mulching · yield · Apium graveolensResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.