Abstract
Several plant species and their compounds are well-known to have some pesticidal properties against a wide range of insect pests. Potential of two water plant extracts, Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Melia azedarach L., in comparison with the synthetic pyrethroid bifenthrin against sucking insect pests and their associated predators, as well on the yield in Bt cotton, was evaluated. The population of the sucking insect pests was found lowest in the positive control (only bifenthrin application). The A. indica extract reduced the pest population equivalent to the positive control, but the highest populations were observed in both negative controls (only water and 0.1% soap with water application). The M. azedarach did not show any harmful effect on the insect population. The predators’ abundance was higher in the plots where botanicals were applied, while the lowest population was observed in the bifenthrin treatment. In comparison to the negative control (only water application), (63.4%) cotton yield was increased by the application of A. indica and (58.8%) by the application of the synthetic insecticide. Using plant extracts of A. indica to control sucking insect pests of cotton can be as effective as synthetic insecticides in terms of crop yield beside they are safer for natural enemies in the field.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Sucking insect pest population was lowest in the positive control (bifenthrin application) in Bt cotton.
- Taxon
- Bt cottone1
- Treatment
- bifenthrin applicatione2
- Interactor
- sucking insect pestse2pest
- Outcome
- population of the sucking insect pestse2
- Direction
- loweste2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“The population of the sucking insect pests was found lowest in the positive control (only bifenthrin application)”
e1“on the yield in Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
A. indica extract reduced the pest population to a level equivalent to the positive control in Bt cotton.
Verbatim
e3“The A. indica extract reduced the pest population equivalent to the positive control”
e2“The population of the sucking insect pests was found lowest in the positive control (only bifenthrin application)”
e1“on the yield in Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Pest populations were highest in both negative controls (water only and 0.1% soap with water) in Bt cotton.
- Taxon
- Bt cottone1
- Treatment
- only water and 0.1% soap with water applicatione4
- Interactor
- sucking insect pestse2pest
- Outcome
- highest populationse4
- Direction
- higheste4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e4“but the highest populations were observed in both negative controls (only water and 0.1% soap with water application)”
e2“The population of the sucking insect pests was found lowest in the positive control (only bifenthrin application)”
e1“on the yield in Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
M. azedarach extract had no harmful effect on the insect population in Bt cotton.
- Taxon
- Bt cottone1
- Treatment
- M. azedarache5
- Interactor
- insecte5pest
- Outcome
- harmful effect on the insect populatione5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e5“The M. azedarach did not show any harmful effect on the insect population”
e1“on the yield in Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Predator abundance was higher in plots where botanicals were applied in Bt cotton.
- Taxon
- Bt cottone1
- Treatment
- botanicalse6
- Interactor
- predatorse6biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- predators’ abundancee6
- Direction
- highere6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e6“The predators’ abundance was higher in the plots where botanicals were applied”
e1“on the yield in Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of A. indica increased cotton yield by 63.4% relative to the negative control with water only.
Verbatim
e7“In comparison to the negative control (only water application), (63.4%) cotton yield was increased by the application of A. indica and (58.8%) by the application of the synthetic insecticide”
e1“on the yield in Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of the synthetic insecticide increased cotton yield by 58.8% relative to the negative control with water only.
Verbatim
e7“In comparison to the negative control (only water application), (63.4%) cotton yield was increased by the application of A. indica and (58.8%) by the application of the synthetic insecticide”
e1“on the yield in Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant extracts of A. indica can be as effective as synthetic insecticides in controlling sucking insect pests of cotton in terms of crop yield.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- plant extracts of A. indicae0
- Interactor
- sucking insect pestse0pest
- Outcome
- control sucking insect pestse0
- Comparator
- synthetic insecticidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Using plant extracts of A. indica to control sucking insect pests of cotton can be as effective as synthetic insecticides in terms of crop yield beside they are safer for natural enemies in the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Using A. indica extracts against cotton sucking pests is safer for natural enemies in the field.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- plant extracts of A. indicae0
- Outcome
- safer for natural enemiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Using plant extracts of A. indica to control sucking insect pests of cotton can be as effective as synthetic insecticides in terms of crop yield beside they are safer for natural enemies in the field”
The same questions in other papers
Melia azedarach · pest · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Azadirachta indica · pest · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →bifenthrin · pest · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Azadirachta indica · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →insecticide · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
58 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
72 papers more in this group
See all 76 papers →botanical · pest · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
27 papers more in this group
See all 31 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.