Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the winter season of 2016-17 and 2017-18 at Agricultural Research Station (MPUAT), Banswara (Rajasthan), India to find out effective weed management strategy for enhancing the economical return of winter maize under humid condition of Southern Rajasthan. Ten treatment combinations of pre-emergence (atrazine), post-emergence (halosulfuron, 2, 4-D, tembotrione and topramezone) herbicides with weed free and weedy check laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Results revealed that pre-emergence application of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha fb post emergence application of tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha at 35 DAS reduced the density of grasses, broad leaves and sedge weeds and improved the growth and yield attributes of the crop. The highest yield (12.65 t/ha) and lowest weed index were recorded with weed free followed by grain yield (12.31 t/ha) and weed index (2.68) of the treatment of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha PE fb tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoE. The highest net return ($2095/ha) recorded with atrazine PE fb tembotrione PoE followed by weedy free ($2011/ha). However, maximum B: C ratio (3.57) recorded with pre-emergence application of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha fb post-emergence application of tembotrione 42% SC @ 120 g/ha following by tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoE alone (3.00), which was significantly higher over rest treatments. Atrazine 50% WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ ha PE fb tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoE was found best among the herbicidal treatments in all respects. Hence, sequential application of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha PE fb tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoE at 35 DAS may be recommended for higher economic return through effective weed management in winter maize under humid condition of Southern Rajasthan.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential atrazine and tembotrione reduced grass, broadleaf and sedge weed density.
- Treatment
- atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha fb post emergence application of tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha at 35 DASe0
- Interactor
- grasses, broad leaves and sedge weedse0weed
- Outcome
- density of grasses, broad leaves and sedge weedse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pre-emergence application of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha fb post emergence application of tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha at 35 DAS reduced the density of grasses, broad leaves and sedge weeds”
t0“Winter Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential atrazine and tembotrione improved maize growth and yield attributes.
- Treatment
- atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha fb post emergence application of tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha at 35 DASe0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributese0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pre-emergence application of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha fb post emergence application of tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha at 35 DAS reduced the density of grasses, broad leaves and sedge weeds and improved the growth and yield attributes of the crop”
t0“Winter Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment had the highest yield of 12.65 t/ha.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest yield (12.65 t/ha) and lowest weed index were recorded with weed free”
t0“Winter Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment had the lowest weed index.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest yield (12.65 t/ha) and lowest weed index were recorded with weed free”
t0“Winter Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential atrazine and tembotrione yielded 12.31 t/ha, following weed-free treatment.
- Treatment
- atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha PE fb tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoEe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- lowerinferrede0
- Value
- 12.31 t/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by grain yield (12.31 t/ha) and weed index (2.68) of the treatment of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha PE fb tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoE”
t0“Winter Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential atrazine and tembotrione had weed index 2.68.
- Treatment
- atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha PE fb tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoEe0
- Outcome
- weed indexe0
- Value
- 2.68e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed index (2.68) of the treatment of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha PE fb tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoE”
t0“Winter Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential atrazine and tembotrione gave the highest net return of $2095/ha.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest net return ($2095/ha) recorded with atrazine PE fb tembotrione PoE”
t0“Winter Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment gave net return of $2011/ha, second to sequential herbicides.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by weedy free ($2011/ha)”
e1“highest net return”
t0“Winter Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential atrazine and tembotrione had the maximum B:C ratio of 3.57.
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha fb post-emergence application of tembotrione 42% SC @ 120 g/hae0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 3.57e0
- Comparator
- rest treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum B: C ratio (3.57) recorded with pre-emergence application of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha fb post-emergence application of tembotrione 42% SC @ 120 g/ha”
e1“which was significantly higher over rest treatments”
t0“Winter Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Tembotrione alone had B:C ratio of 3.00, following the sequential treatment.
- Treatment
- tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoE alonee0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede0
- Value
- 3.00e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoE alone (3.00)”
e1“B: C ratio”
t0“Winter Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential atrazine and tembotrione was best among herbicide treatments overall.
- Treatment
- Atrazine 50% WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ ha PE fb tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoEe0
- Outcome
- best among the herbicidal treatments in all respectse0
- Direction
- beste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Atrazine 50% WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ ha PE fb tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoE was found best among the herbicidal treatments in all respects”
t0“Winter Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend sequential atrazine and tembotrione for higher economic return and weed control in winter maize.
- Treatment
- sequential application of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha PE fb tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoE at 35 DASe0
- Outcome
- higher economic return through effective weed managemente0
- Setting
- Southern Rajasthane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sequential application of atrazine 50 WP @ 0.50 kg a.i./ha PE fb tembotrione 42 SC @ 120 g a.i./ha PoE at 35 DAS may be recommended for higher economic return through effective weed management in winter maize under humid condition of Southern Rajasthan”
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