Abstract
In this paper, we analysed the results of maize sowing time experiments conducted by the Department of Crop Sciences and Applied Ecology of the University of Debrecen Agricultural Sciences Centre, during the period from 1997-1999. We made the experiments at the experimental garden of DE ATC, on a chernozem soil with lime deposits.In 1997, we examined five hybrids, in 1998 six hybrids, and in 1999 three hybrids, with three sowing times. Sowing times were early (10. Apr. and 08. Apr.), optimal (25. Apr. and 28. Apr.) and late (15. May and 17. May). We examined the following standards: yield, seed moisture content at harvest, thousand kernel mass, duration of flowering, emergence time and profitability.In 1977, the emergence times, in order of sowing, were: 24, 12 and 9 days. Yields of the sowing times were the following, in mean, for the five hybrids: in the early sowing time (10. Apr.) 11,81 t/ha, in the optimal sowing time (25. Apr.) 11,67 t/ha, and in the late sowing time (15. May) 12,9 t/ha. The seed moisture content of the five hybrids at harvest was 8% less in early sowing time, than in the late sowing time. The thousand kernel mass was the biggest in late sowing time, but we could not prove any significant connection attributable to the effect of sowing time. We examinedprofitability, too. Of the five hybrids, four attained the greatest profit with the early sowing time in 1997.In 1998, the emergence times, in the order of sowing, were: 21, 10 and 11 days. Yields of the sowing times were the following, in mean, for the six hybrids: 08. Apr. 10,34 t/ha, 25. Apr. 11,02 t/ha, 15. May 11,52 t/ha. There were no significant differences between yields in 1998. The seed moisture content of the six hybrids at harvest was 7% less for the early sowing time, than for the late sowing time. In 1998, the profits were greatest for theearly and traditional sowing times.In 1999, the numbers of days from sowing to emergence were 18, 9 and 9 days, in the order of sowing times. Yields of the sowing times were the following, in mean, for the three hybrids: 13,25 t/ha, 12,51 t/ha and 12,34 t/ha, in the order of sowing times. The seed moisture content of maizes at harvest was 6% less with an early sowing time in the mean of all hybrids. In 1999, hybrid maizes gave big profits with early sowing times.Summing up the results of the three years, we can conclude that we get a significant yield increase and reduced seed moisture content at harvest if we apply the early sowing time, which can considerably increase the efficiency of maize cultivation.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
In the first trial year (printed as 1977), emergence took 24, 12 and 9 days in order of sowing.
Zea maysNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e1“the emergence times, in order of sowing, were: 24, 12 and 9 days”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first trial year, the early sowing time (10. Apr.) gave a mean yield of 11.81 t/ha.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e2“Yields of the sowing times were the following, in mean, for the five hybrids: in the early sowing time (10. Apr.) 11,81 t/ha, in the optimal sowing time (25. Apr.) 11,67 t/ha, and in the late sowing time (15. May) 12,9 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first trial year, the optimal sowing time (25. Apr.) gave a mean yield of 11.67 t/ha.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e2“Yields of the sowing times were the following, in mean, for the five hybrids: in the early sowing time (10. Apr.) 11,81 t/ha, in the optimal sowing time (25. Apr.) 11,67 t/ha, and in the late sowing time (15. May) 12,9 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first trial year, the late sowing time (15. May) gave a mean yield of 12.9 t/ha.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e2“Yields of the sowing times were the following, in mean, for the five hybrids: in the early sowing time (10. Apr.) 11,81 t/ha, in the optimal sowing time (25. Apr.) 11,67 t/ha, and in the late sowing time (15. May) 12,9 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first trial year, seed moisture content at harvest was 8% lower with early sowing than with late sowing.
- Treatment
- early sowing timee3
- Outcome
- seed moisture contente3
- Direction
- lesse3
- Value
- 8%e3
- Comparator
- late sowing timee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e3“The seed moisture content of the five hybrids at harvest was 8% less in early sowing time, than in the late sowing time”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second trial year, emergence took 21, 10 and 11 days in order of sowing.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e4“the emergence times, in the order of sowing, were: 21, 10 and 11 days”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second trial year, the 08. Apr. sowing gave a mean yield of 10.34 t/ha.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e5“Yields of the sowing times were the following, in mean, for the six hybrids: 08. Apr. 10,34 t/ha, 25. Apr. 11,02 t/ha, 15. May 11,52 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second trial year, the 25. Apr. sowing gave a mean yield of 11.02 t/ha.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e5“Yields of the sowing times were the following, in mean, for the six hybrids: 08. Apr. 10,34 t/ha, 25. Apr. 11,02 t/ha, 15. May 11,52 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second trial year, the 15. May sowing gave a mean yield of 11.52 t/ha.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e5“Yields of the sowing times were the following, in mean, for the six hybrids: 08. Apr. 10,34 t/ha, 25. Apr. 11,02 t/ha, 15. May 11,52 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second trial year, seed moisture content at harvest was 7% lower with early sowing than with late sowing.
- Treatment
- early sowing timee6
- Outcome
- seed moisture contente6
- Direction
- lesse6
- Value
- 7%e6
- Comparator
- late sowing timee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e6“The seed moisture content of the six hybrids at harvest was 7% less for the early sowing time, than for the late sowing time”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second trial year, there were no significant differences in yield between sowing times.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e7“There were no significant differences between yields in 1998”
e0“Yields of the sowing times were the following, in mean, for the six hybrids: 08. Apr. 10,34 t/ha, 25. Apr. 11,02 t/ha, 15. May 11,52 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
In the third trial year, emergence took 18, 9 and 9 days from sowing.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e1“the numbers of days from sowing to emergence were 18, 9 and 9 days”
Claim · model-written summary
In the third trial year, yields were 13.25 t/ha for the first sowing time, with 12.51 and 12.34 t/ha for the others in order of sowing.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e2“Yields of the sowing times were the following, in mean, for the three hybrids: 13,25 t/ha, 12,51 t/ha and 12,34 t/ha, in the order of sowing times”
Claim · model-written summary
In the third trial year, seed moisture content at harvest was 6% lower with an early sowing time.
- Treatment
- early sowing timee3
- Outcome
- seed moisture content of maizes at harveste3
- Direction
- lesse3
- Value
- 6%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e3“The seed moisture content of maizes at harvest was 6% less with an early sowing time in the mean of all hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first trial year, four of the five hybrids gave the greatest profit with the early sowing time.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e4“Of the five hybrids, four attained the greatest profit with the early sowing time in 1997”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second trial year, the greatest profits were obtained with the early and traditional sowing times.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e5“In 1998, the profits were greatest for theearly and traditional sowing times”
Claim · model-written summary
In the third trial year, hybrid maize gave big profits with early sowing times.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e6“In 1999, hybrid maizes gave big profits with early sowing times”
Claim · model-written summary
Late sowing gave the biggest thousand kernel mass, but the difference was not significant.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e7“The thousand kernel mass was the biggest in late sowing time, but we could not prove any significant connection attributable to the effect of sowing time”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that early sowing gives a significant yield increase and lower seed moisture at harvest.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sowing time of maize hybrids”
e0“we get a significant yield increase and reduced seed moisture content at harvest if we apply the early sowing time”
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