Abstract
Plants have evolved mechanisms to protect themselves against pathogenic microbes and insect pests. In Arabidopsis, the immune regulator PAD4 functions with its cognate partner EDS1 to limit pathogen growth. PAD4, independently of EDS1, reduces infestation by green peach aphid (GPA). How PAD4 regulates these defense outputs is unclear. By expressing the N-terminal PAD4 lipase-like domain (PAD4 LLD ) without its C-terminal EDS1-PAD4 (EP) domain, we interrogated PAD4 functions in plant defense. Here, we show that transgenic expression of PAD4 LLD in Arabidopsis is sufficient for limiting GPA infestation but not for conferring basal and effector-triggered pathogen immunity. This suggests that the C-terminal PAD4 EP domain is necessary for EDS1-dependent immune functions but is dispensable for aphid resistance. Moreover, PAD4 LLD is not sufficient to interact with EDS1, indicating the PAD4-EP domain is required for stable heterodimerization. These data provide molecular evidence that PAD4 has domain-specific functions.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
PAD4 lipase-like domain expression limited aphid infestation.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- transgenic expression of PAD4 LLDe0
- Interactor
- GPAe0pest
- Gene
- PAD4 LLDe0
- Outcome
- GPA infestatione0
- Direction
- limitinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transgenic expression of PAD4 LLD in Arabidopsis is sufficient for limiting GPA infestation but not for conferring basal and effector-triggered pathogen immunity”
Claim · model-written summary
PAD4 lipase-like domain expression did not confer basal or effector-triggered pathogen immunity.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- transgenic expression of PAD4 LLDe0
- Gene
- PAD4 LLDe0
- Outcome
- basal and effector-triggered pathogen immunitye0
- Direction
- note0
Not reportedInteractorComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transgenic expression of PAD4 LLD in Arabidopsis is sufficient for limiting GPA infestation but not for conferring basal and effector-triggered pathogen immunity”
Claim · model-written summary
The PAD4 EP domain was inferred necessary for EDS1-dependent immune functions.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- PAD4 EP domaine0
- Outcome
- EDS1-dependent immune functionse0
- Qualifier
- necessarye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This suggests that the C-terminal PAD4 EP domain is necessary for EDS1-dependent immune functions but is dispensable for aphid resistance”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The PAD4 EP domain was inferred dispensable for aphid resistance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Interactor
- aphide0pest
- Gene
- PAD4 EP domaine0
- Outcome
- aphid resistancee0
- Qualifier
- dispensablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This suggests that the C-terminal PAD4 EP domain is necessary for EDS1-dependent immune functions but is dispensable for aphid resistance”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
PAD4 LLD was insufficient for EDS1 interaction.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- PAD4 LLDe0
- Outcome
- interact with EDS1e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PAD4 LLD is not sufficient to interact with EDS1”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The PAD4-EP domain was inferred necessary for stable heterodimerization.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- PAD4-EP domaine0
- Outcome
- stable heterodimerizatione0
- Qualifier
- requirede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“indicating the PAD4-EP domain is required for stable heterodimerization”
t0“Arabidopsis”
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